Today is.................

[Alikado]

Jose Mourinho born twice on the same day. I always knew there was something different about him!!

Split personality?

[Alikado]

International Holocaust Remembrance Day

World Breast Pumping Day

1591 Scottish schoolmaster Dr. John Fian burned for witchcraft at Castle Hill, Edinburgh by order King James VI. Part of the Berwick witch trials.

1606 – Gunpowder Plot: The trial of Guy Fawkes and other conspirators begins.

1820 Russian Antarctic expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev discover the continent of Antarctica

1825 US Congress approves Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma), clearing the way for the forced relocation of the Eastern Indian tribes via the "Trail of Tears"

1880 Thomas Edison patents electric incandescent lamp

1924 Clas Thunberg of Finland claims 3 gold medals in one day when he wins the 1,500m, 10,000m and all-round speed skating events at the Chamonix Winter Olympics; won 5,000m the day before

1937 Musician Nat King Cole (17) weds dancer Nadine Robinson in Ypsilanti, Michigan

1941 Peruvian ambassador Ricardo Rivera-Schreiber warns American Ambassador of Japanese assault on Pearl Harbor

1942 -19°F (-27.4°C), Netherland's coldest day since 1850

1943 – The Eighth Air Force sorties ninety-one B-17s and B-24s to attack the U-boat construction yards at Wilhelmshaven, Germany. This was the first American bombing attack on Germany.

1944 Siege of Leningrad lifted by the Soviets after 880 days and more than 2 million Russians killed

1945 – The Soviet 322nd Rifle Division liberates the remaining inmates of Auschwitz-Birkenau. Concentration Camps in Poland

1948 1st locomotive to carry 1,000,000 pounds (450,000 kg) operates

1948 1st tape recorder sold

1951 US begins 126 nuclear tests at Nevada Test Site

1954 Archie Moore beats Joey Maxim in 15-round unanimous decision to retain his world light heavyweight boxing title at the Orange Bowl, Miami; last of famous trilogy of fights, all won by Moore

1956 "Heartbreak Hotel" single released by Elvis Presley, his first million-selling single

1961 – The Soviet submarine S-80 sinks in the Barents Sea when its snorkel malfunctions thought to be caused by ice, flooding the boat.

1965 1st ground station-to-aircraft radio communication via satellite

1967 A fire in the Apollo 1 Command Module kills astronauts Gus Grissom, Ed White and Roger B. Chaffee during a launch rehearsal

1967 The Beatles sign a 9 year worldwide contract with EMI records

1967 – Cold War: The Soviet Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom sign the Outer Space Treaty in Washington, D.C., banning deployment of nuclear weapons in space, and limiting use of the Moon and other celestial bodies to peaceful purposes.

1968 French submarine Minerve disappears in the Mediterranean with the loss of 52 crew

1969 14 spies hanged in Baghdad

1969 9 Jews publicly executed in Damascus, Syria

1969 Ian Paisley sentenced to 3 years

1972 The British Army and the Irish Republican Army engage in gun battles near County Armagh; British troops fire over 1,000 rounds of ammunition

1980 Robert Mugabe returns to Rhodesia after 5 years in exile

1983 Seikan Tunnel, the world's longest tunnel with an underwater segment (53.90 km in total) opens connecting Honshu-Hokkaido. The Channel Tunnel remains the longest underwater tunnel.

1984 Michael Jackson is burned during filming for Pepsi commercial

1992 Mike Tyson goes on trial for rape

1994 Romanian social democrats form government with anti-Semites

1995 Eric Cantona of Manchester United fined and banned from playing football after attacking a fan with a drop kick.

2002 – An explosion at a military storage facility in Lagos, Nigeria, kills at least 1,100 people and displaces over 20,000 others.

2013 – Two hundred and forty-two people die in a nightclub fire in the Brazilian city of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul.

2017 Donald Trump issues executive order banning travel to the US for 7 mostly Muslim countries and suspending admission for refugees

2018 Bomb in an ambulance kills over 100 people in Kabul, Taliban claim responsibility

2019 Two bombs at a Roman Catholic cathedral on Jolo Island, southern, Philippines kills 20, Islamic State claims responsibility

Born Today ;-

1756 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian musical prodigy and composer (Figaro), born in Salzburg, Austria

1832 Lewis Carroll [Charles Lutwidge Dodgson], English author (Alice in Wonderland), born in Daresbury

1850 Edward J. Smith, English captain of the Titanic, born in Hanley, Staffordshire

1859 Wilhelm II, German Emperor and King of Prussia (1888-1918) was the eldest grandchild of Queen Victoria, Wilhelm's first cousins included George V

1908 – William Randolph Hearst, Jr., American journalist and publisher

1924 – Brian Rix, English actor, producer, and politician

1931 Ronald "Buster" Edwards, British Great Train Robber turned flower-seller,

1933 Mohamed Al Fayed, Egyptian business magnate (Harrods)

1950 Derek Acorah, English spirit medium and TV personality (Most Haunted), born in Bootle, Lived at Carr Cross

1958 – Alan Milburn, English businessman and politician

1965 – Mike Newell, footballer and manager, Southport resident, born Liverpool

1970 Dean Headley, English cricket fast bowler (15 Tests; first Test cricketer to be son and grandson of Test cricketers; Ron & George Headley), born in Norton, England

1979 – Rosamund Pike, actress

Died Today ;-

1596 – Francis Drake, English captain and explorer - Defeated The Spanish Armada

1731 Bartolomeo Cristofori, Italian instrument maker - considered the inventor of the piano, dies at 75

1901 Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (Rigoletto, La Traviata)

1910 Thomas Crapper, English plumber and inventor (ballcock)

1989 Thomas Sopwith, British aviation pioneer & ice hockey player was also a member of the Great Britain national ice hockey team that won the gold medal at the first European Championships in 1910. When he was ten years old, on 30 July 1898 whilst on a family holiday on the Isle of Lismore, near Oban in Scotland, a gun lying across young Thomas's knee went off, killing his father. his company produced more than 18,000 World War I aircraft for the allied forces, including 5747 of the Sopwith Camel single-seat fighter.

2010 J. D. Salinger, American novelist (The Catcher in the Rye), dies at 91

[Alikado]

Data Privacy Day

International LEGO® Day

Global Community Engagement Day

1547 9-year-old Edward VI succeeds Henry VIII as King of England

1581 James VI signs 2nd Confession of Faith in Scotland

1671 British pirate Henry Morgan captures Panama City from its Spanish defenders

1689 English parliament resolves that the throne is vacant

1724 The Russian Academy of Sciences founded in St. Petersburg by Peter the Great, and implemented in a Senate decree. Called St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences until 1917.

1807 London's Pall Mall is 1st street lit by gaslight

1813 Jane Austen's "Pride and Prejudice" is published by Thomas Egerton

1819 Sir Stamford Raffles lands in Singapore

1885 Commission for Auguste Rodin's sculpture 'The Burghers of Calais' signed by the Municipal Council of Calais.

1887 England all out for 45 v Aust SCG, their lowest total ever beating 77 on the same ground 22 months earlier

1887 In a snowstorm at Fort Keogh, Montana, the world's largest snowflakes are reported, being 15 inches (38 cm) wide and 8 inches (20 cm) thick.

1887 Work begins on the Eiffel Tower in Paris

1896 – Walter Arnold of East Peckham, Kent, becomes the first person to be convicted of speeding. He was fined one shilling, plus costs, for speeding at 8 mph (13 km/h), thereby exceeding the contemporary speed limit of 2 mph (3.2 km/h).

1935 – Iceland becomes the first Western country to legalize therapeutic abortion.

1936 Pravda criticizes Dmitri Shostakovich's opera "Lady Macbeth"

1938 – The World Land Speed Record on a public road is broken by German Rudolf Caracciola in the Mercedes-Benz W195 at a speed of 432.7 kilometres per hour (268.9 mph) on the Reichs-Autobahn A5 between Frankfurt and Darmstadt

1942 German troops occupy Benghazi Libya

1944 683 British bombers attack Berlin

1944 U-271 & U-571 sunk off Ireland

1945 Swedish ships bring food to starving Netherlands

1945 – Supplies begin to reach the Republic of China over the newly reopened Burma Road

1953 19-year old Derek Bentley is hanged in Wandsworth Prison, London, controversially convicted of the murder of a police officer. He was pardoned on 30th July 1998.

1958 The Lego company patents their design of Lego bricks, still compatible with bricks produced today

1965 The Who make their 1st appearance on British TV

1967 Rolling Stones release "Let's Spend the Night Together"

1977 – The first day of the Great Lakes Blizzard of 1977 which dumps 10 feet (3.0 m) of snow in one day in Upstate New York, with Buffalo, Syracuse, Watertown, and surrounding areas are most affected.

1984 Mr Glynn Wolfe marries for non-bigamous record 26th time, Las Vegas

1986 Space Shuttle Challenger explodes 73 seconds after liftoff from Cape Canaveral, with all 7 crew members killed

1989 David Boon completes 7th Test century, 149 v WI at SCG

1990 "Independent on Sunday" begins publishing

1991 David Boon completes ninth Test century, 121 v England at Adelaide

1992 David Boon completes twelfth Test century, 135 v India at Adelaide

2006 – The roof of one of the buildings at the Katowice International Fair in Poland collapses due to the weight of snow, killing 65 and injuring more than 170 others

Born Today ;-

1457 – Henry VII, king of England

1706 – John Baskerville, English printer and typographer

1822 – Alexander Mackenzie, Scottish-Canadian soldier, journalist, and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Canada

1833 Charles George Gordon, general (China, Khartoum)

1841 Henry Morton Stanley, Welsh journalist and African explorer (found Livingstone in Africa), born in Denbigh

1864 Herbert Akroyd Stuart, English engineer - inventor of the first compression ignition engine

1873 Colette [Sidonie-Gabrielle], French novelist and performer (Gigi), born in Paris

1907 Henry Cotton, golfer (British Open 1934, 1937, 1948), born in Holmes Chapel

1909 Lionel KP "Buster" Crabb, British diver (WW II-George Medal)

1909 – John Thomson, Celtic & Scotland Goalkeeper was to die aged 22 following an onfield collision during an 'Old Firm' match, 30,00 atended his Funeral.
A great player who came to the game as a boy and left it still a boy; he had no predecessor, no successor. He was unique. - a journalist John Arlott

1912 Jackson Pollock, American expressionist painter

1918 Harry M Corbett, Bradford, puppeteer/entertainer (Sooty, Some People)

1921 Alfred Marks, British actor and comedian (Desert Mice, Scream & Scream Again)

1927 Ronnie Scott, jazz musician/club-owner

1929 – Acker Bilk, English singer and clarinet player

1930 – Roy Clarke, screenwriter - many sitcoms, comedian and soldier

1936 Alan Alda [Alphonso D'Abruzzo], American actor (Hawkeye Pierce-M*A*S*H), born in NYC, New York

1955 – Nicolas Sarkozy, French lawyer and politician 23rd President of France (2007-12)

1957 – Frank Skinner, English comedian, actor, and author

1976 Lee Ingleby, actor

1978 – Jamie Carragher, Liverpool & England footballer and sportscaster, the club's second-longest ever serving player, making his 737th appearance for Liverpool in all competitions on 19 May 2013. Carragher also holds the record for the most appearances in European competition for Liverpool with 149. Born in Bootle was awarded the Freedom of the Borough of Sefton

1986 – Jessica Ennis-Hill, English heptathlete and hurdler (Olympic gold heptathlon 2012; World C'ship gold 2009, 11, 15)

Died Today ;-

1547 Henry VIII, King of England

1596 Francis Drake, English pirate, Admiral and Governor of Newfoundland (Porto Bello West Indies), dies of dysentery at 50

1829 William Burke, murderer/body snatcher in partnership with William Hare, executed in Edinburgh

1918 John McCrae, Canadian poet/physician/soldier, dies of pneumonia at 45 - "In Flanders Fields".

1930 Clarence Skelton Wimble, Scored pair in only test for S Af, did not bowl and took no catches.

1938 John 'Jack' Sharp, cricketer & Footballer Lancashire & Everton, Double International, his older brother Bertram also played for Everton & Southport Central (Lancs Comb)

1939 W. B. Yeats, Irish poet / playwright (Wild Swans at Coole-Nobel 1923)

1953 Derek Bentley (b. 1933) (executed)

1983 Billy Fury [Ronald Wycherley], English singer (That'll Be the Day), dies at 42 of heart failure

1983 Frank Forde, 15th Prime Minister of Australia (the shortest-serving prime minister in Australia's history-8 days), dies at 92

1988 – Klaus Fuchs, German physicist and Russian Spy

2006 Henry McGee, actor and comedian (No, That's Me Over Here!, The Benny Hill Show), dies at 77

2020 Nicholas Parsons

[Alikado]

1595 William Shakespeare's play "Romeo and Juliet" is thought to have been first performed. Officially published early 1597

1781 Mozart's opera "Idomeneo" premieres in Munich

1802 First celebration of Burns night, in honour of poet Robert Burns's birthday by The Mother Club in Greenock (later realized his actual birthday 25th January)

1856 Victoria Cross established to acknowledge valour in the face of the enemy (United Kingdom and Commonwealth countries)

1863 Bear River Massacre: American soldiers slaughter hundreds of Native Americans at the confluence of the Bear River and Beaver Creek in present day Idaho

1886 Karl Benz patents the "Benz Patent-Motorwagen" in Karlsruhe, Germany, the world's 1st automobile with a burning motor

1892 The Coca-Cola Company is incorporated in Atlanta, Georgia

1896 Emile Grubbe is the first doctor to use radiation treatment for breast cancer

1900 Boers under Joubert beat British at Spionkop Natal, 2,000 killed

1916 1st bombing of Paris by German Zeppelins takes place

1917 British submarine K13 sank in Gaire Loch, Scotland; 32 of her crew died

1920 Walt Disney starts work as an artist with KC Slide Co for $40 a week

1924 Ice cream cone rolling machine patented by Carl Taylor, Cleveland

1925 Liberal Party chooses David Lloyd George as leader

1940 – Three trains on the Nishinari Line; present Sakurajima Line, in Osaka, Japan, collide and explode while approaching Ajikawaguchi Station. One hundred and eighty-one people are killed

1942 German & Italian troops occupy Benghazi, Libya

1944 285 German bombers attack London

1944 About 38 men, women, and children die in the Koniuchy massacre in Poland

1959 'The Great Smog' hits London, many die of chest and lung-related illnesses, the worst for seven years - has brought road, rail and air transport in many parts of England and Wales to a virtual standstill.

1966 Snow storm in north east US kills 165

1969 Jimi Hendrix and Pete Townshend wage a battle of guitars

1978 Sweden outlaws aerosol sprays due to their harmful effect on the ozone layer, becoming the first nation to enact such a ban.

1980 – The Rubik's Cube makes its international debut at the Ideal Toy Corp. in Earl's Court, London

1988 United Airlines Boeing 747SP, circles world in 36h54m15s

1996 Last day of Test cricket for David Boon

1996 6,138th performance of "Cats" is held in London, surpassing record of Broadway's longest-running musical, "A Chorus Line"

1996 La Fenice, Venice's opera house, is destroyed by fire

2003 Sally Clark cleared of murdering her 2 sons after more than 3 years of prison in what was a life sentence

2015 Malaysia officially declares the disappearance of missing flight MH370 an accident

2018 Toronto police arrest landscaper Bruce McArthur for murder after remains of at least 5 people found in potted plants

2019 Toronto landscaper Bruce McArthur admits in court to the murder of eight gay men

2019 Iranian city Tehran bans dog walking in public and driving with dogs

2020 Number of COVID-19 cases passes those of SARS with over 7,700 cases in China confirmed, with 170 deaths

Born Today ;-

1862 Frederick Delius, British composer (A Mass of Life, Brigg Fair, In a Summer Garden), born in Bradford

1880 W C Fields, [William Claude Dukenfield], actor (Bank Dick), born in Philadelphia

1909 George Thomas, 1st Viscount Tonypandy, British politician (Speaker of the House of Commons), born in Port Talbot

1924 Brian Trubshaw, British test pilot, first to fly Concorde, born in Liverpool

1926 Bob Berry, Lancashire & England cricketer

1930 John Junkin, British actor and scriptwriter (A Hard Day's Night), born in Ealing

1932 – Tommy Taylor, footballer Busby Babe died Munich

1933 – Sacha Distel, French singer and guitarist

1939 – Germaine Greer, Australian journalist and author

1943 – Tony Blackburn, English radio and television host

1954 – Oprah Winfrey, American talk show host, actress

Died Today ;-

1820 King George III, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and King/Elector of Hanover (1760-1820), dies after years of mental illness at 81

1888 Edward Lear, poet/author, dies at 75

1928 Douglas Haig, British fieldmarshal (Sudan, WWI) nicknamed "Butcher Haig" due to mass casualties under his command during the Battle of the Somme

1980 Jimmy Durante, comedian (Palooka, Jimmy Durante Show)

2005 Eric Griffiths, Welsh guitarist (The Quarrymen)

2009 Bill Frindall, English cricket scorer and statistician

[Alikado]

1349 Jews of Freilsburg Germany are massacred

1487 Bell chimes invented

1607 Massive flooding in England destroys around 200 square miles of coastline along the coasts of the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary and results in approximately 2,000 casualties

1647 After nine months of negotiations, Scottish Presbyterians sell captured Charles I to English Parliament for around £100,000

1661 Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England is ritually executed after having been dead for two years

1774 Captain James Cook reaches 71°10' south, 1820km from south pole (record)

1790 Lifeboat 1st tested at sea, by Mr Greathead, the inventor

1800 US population: 5,308,483; African American population 1,002,037 (18.9%)

1826 The Menai Suspension Bridge, considered the world's first modern suspension bridge, connecting the Isle of Anglesey to the north West coast of Wales is opened.

1835 Richard Lawrence misfires at President Andrew Jackson in Washington, D.C. in 1st attempted assassination of a US President

1847 Yerba Buena renamed San Francisco

1858 Charles Hallé founds Halle Orchestra in Manchester, England

1873 "Around the World in 80 Days" by Jules Verne is published in France

1883 England team presented with ashes of a bail after Sydney Test

1894 Pneumatic hammer patented by Charles King of Detroit

1895 SS Elbe sinks after collision in North Sea, 332 killed

1913 UK House of Lords rejects Irish Home Rule Bill

1924 Great Britain clinch inaugural Olympic curling gold medal with a 46-4 win over France at the Chamonix Games

1924 Norway’s Thorleif Haug claims first of 3 gold medals at the Chamonix Winter Olympics; wins 50k cross country in a Norwegian sweep of the medals; also 18k and Nordic combined champion

1933 President Paul von Hindenburg appoints Adolf Hitler as Reich Chancellor of Germany who forms a government with Franz von Papen. After Paul von Hindenburg appoints Adolf Hitler as Chancellor of Germany, his former WWI colleague General Erich Ludendorff sends a letter to him stating "this accursed man will cast our Reich into the abyss and bring our nation to inconceivable misery

1939 Adolf Hitler threatens Jews during his speech to the German Reichstag (Parliament)

1942 – Battle of Ambon. Japanese forces invade the island of Ambon in the Dutch East Indies. Some 300 captured Allied troops are massacred at Laha airfield.

1943 6 British Mosquitos bomb Berlin in daylight

1944 United States troops land on Majuro, Marshall Islands

1944 The Battle of Cisterna begins in central Italy

1945 "Wilhelm Gustloff" torpedoed off Danzig by Soviet sub-c 9,400 Mostly German refugees die which makes it the largest loss of life in a single ship sinking in history.

1945 American Rangers and Filipino resistance fighters liberate over 500 Allied POWs from Japanese at Cabanatuan

1945 – The Wilhelm Gustloff, overfilled with German refugees, sinks in the Baltic Sea after being torpedoed by a Soviet submarine, killing approximately 9,500 people.

1948 Mahatma Gandhi assassinated by Hindu extremist Nathuram Godse

1958 UK House of Lords passes bill allowing women to take seats

1959 – MS Hans Hedtoft, said to be the safest ship afloat and "unsinkable" like the RMS Titanic, strikes an iceberg on her maiden voyage and sinks, killing all 95 aboard. The only piece of the wreckage ever found was a lifebelt. As of 2021, she remains the last known ship sunk by an iceberg with casualties.

1960 African National Party is founded in Chad

1963 Ivan Sutherland submits a thesis containing his Sketchpad program, a forerunner to modern-day graphic user interfaces and computer-aided design programs

1965 State funeral of Winston Churchill at St Paul's Cathedral in London. Then world's largest ever state funeral.

1968 Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese launch the Tet offensive against South Vietnames and US forces

1969 The Beatles perform their last live gig, a 42 minute concert on the roof of Apple Corps HQ in London

1971 Dennis Lillee takes 5-84 in his 1st Test bowl, v England

1972 Bloody Sunday: 27 unarmed civilians are shot (14 are killed) by the British Army during a civil rights march in Derry, Northern Ireland; this is the highest death toll from a single shooting incident during 'the Troubles'

1975 Erno Rubik applies for a patent for his "Magic Cube" invention, later to be known as a Rubik's cube

1976 George H. W. Bush becomes 11th director of CIA

1982 Richard Skrenta writes the first PC virus code, which is 400 lines long and disguised as an Apple boot program called "Elk Cloner".

1989 Five Pharaoh sculptures from 1470 BC found at temple of Luxor

2003 Belgium legally recognizes same-sex marriage.

2003 Richard Reid, The Shoe Bomber sentenced to life in prison for attempting to bomb an American Airlines flight with 197 on board

2020 The World Health Organization declares COVID-19 a Public Health Emergency of International Concern at a meeting in Geneva

Born Today ;-

1882 – Franklin D. Roosevelt, American lawyer and politician

1894 Boris III, Tsar of Bulgaria (1918-43), born in Sofia

1900 Sandy Powell, comedian, born in Rotherham

1902 – Nikolaus Pevsner, German-English historian scholar and author known for his guides.

1908 Richard Hearne, actor (Mr Pastry, Tons of Trouble, The Time of His Life), born in Norwich

1913 Percy Thrower, TV & radio host, Gardener.

1915 – John Profumo, soldier and politician, Secretary of State for War

1937 – Vanessa Redgrave, actress (Blow-Up, Julia, Orient Express)

1937 Boris Spassky, Russian chess player (world champion 1969-72, born in Leningrad

1941 Dick Cheney, American politician

1951 Phil Collins, drummer & singer (Genesis-Against All Odds)

1974 – Olivia Colman, actress

1974 – Christian Bale, Welsh actor (Batman Begins, American Psycho, The Machinist), born in Haverfordwest

1974 Jemima Khan, socialite, ex wife of Imran Khan, daughter of Sir James Goldsmith born in London

1981 – Peter Crouch, Liverpool & England footballer born in Macclesfield

Died Today ;-

1649 Charles I, King of Great Britain (1625-49), beheaded for treason by Parliament at 48

1836 Betsy Ross [Elizabeth Griscom], American seamstress widely credited with making the first American flag

1948 Mahatma Gandhi [Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi], Indian independence activist and spiritual leader, assassinated in New Delhi by Hindu extremists

1948 Orville Wright, US aviation pioneer

1951 Ferdinand Porsche, German automotive engineer (Volkswagen Beetle, Mercedes-Benz SS) and founder of the Porsche car company

1982 Stanley Holloway, comedian (My Fair Lady, Our Man Higgins)

1995 Gerald M Durrell, zoologist/author (Mockery Bird),

2008 Jeremy Beadle, television host (Beadle's About)

2009 Ingemar Johansson, Swedish heavyweight professional boxing champion of the world

2015 Carl Djerassi, Austrian-born chemist and father of the contraceptive pill, dies at 91

2015 Geraldine McEwan, actress (Agatha Christie's Miss Marple), dies at 82

2016 Frank Finlay, actor (Bouquet of Barbed Wire, Casanova ), was born in Farnworth dies at 89

[Alikado]

1606 – Gunpowder Plot: Four of the conspirators, including Guy Fawkes, are executed for treason by hanging, drawing and quartering, for plotting against Parliament and King James.

1747 The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital

1849 Corn Laws abolished in Britain

1855 The government of Lord Aberdeen in the United Kingdom falls following heavy scrutiny of the Crimean War

1874 Jesse James gang robs a train at Gads Hill, Missouri

1876 The United States orders all Native Americans to move into reservations.

1915 – Germany is the first to make large-scale use of poison gas in warfare in the Battle of Bolimów against Russia.

1918 A series of accidental collisions on a misty Scottish night leads to the loss of two Royal Navy submarines with over a hundred lives, and damage to another five British warships.

1919 The Battle of George Square takes place in Glasgow, Scotland: troops deployed against strikers for fear of a Bolshevik uprising

1928 Scotch tape 1st marketed by 3-M Company

1929 Leon Trotsky expelled from Russia

1933 Adolf Hitler promises parliamentary democracy

1942 – Allied forces are defeated by the Japanese at the Battle of Malaya and retreat to Singapore.

1944 Operation-Overlord (D-Day) postponed until June

1944 –During the Anzio campaign, the 1st Ranger Battalion (Darby's Rangers) is destroyed behind enemy lines in a heavily outnumbered encounter at Battle of Cisterna, Italy.

1944 U-592 sunk off Ireland

1945 – US Army private Eddie Slovik is executed for desertion, the first such execution of an American soldier since the Civil War.

1945 Soviet troops reach the Oder River, less that 50 miles from Berlin

1945 – About 3,000 inmates from the Stutthof concentration camp are forcibly marched into the Baltic Sea at Palmnicken (now Yantarny, Russia) and executed (machine gunned). Corpses from Stutthof were used in small-scale production of soap made from human corpses at the lab of Professor Rudolf Spanner.

1948 Magnetic tape recorder developed by Wireway

1953 "Princess Victoria" Car Ferry capsized off Stanraer Scotland; 133 die

1953 Hurricane-like winds flood Netherlands drowning 1,835 and over 300 in UK

1958 US launches their 1st artificial satellite, Explorer 1

1961 David Ben-Gurion resigns as Prime Minister of Israel

1961 Ham the chimpanzee is 1st primate in space (158 miles) aboard Mercury/Redstone 2

1961 USAF launches Samos spy satellite to replace U-2 flights

1962 Samuel Gravely assumes command of destroyer escort "USS Falgout", first African American to command a combat ship

1968 Record high barometric pressure (1083.8 mb, 32"), at Agata, USSR

1971 "My Sweet Lord" by George Harrison hits #1 on UK pop chart

1972 British Home Secretary Reginald Maudling to House of Commons on 'Bloody Sunday', "The Army returned the fire directed at them with aimed shots and inflicted a number of casualties on those who were attacking them with firearms and with bombs"

1983 In an effort to reduce driving deaths, a new law in UK requires drivers and front-seat passengers to wear seatbelts

1985 South African President P. W. Botha offers to free Nelson Mandela if he denounces violence

1990 1st McDonalds in the Soviet Union opens in Moscow

1994 Dow Jones hits a record 3,978.36

1996 – An explosives-filled truck rams into the gates of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka in Colombo, killing at least 86 people and injuring 1,400.

2000 Family GP Dr Harold Shipman is jailed for life for murdering 15 of his patients, making him Britain's most prolific convicted serial killer

2001 – In the Netherlands, a Scottish court convicts Libyan Abdelbaset al-Megrahi and acquits another Libyan citizen for their part in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland in 1988.

2007 Suspects are arrested in Birmingham in the UK, accused of plotting the kidnap, holding and eventual beheading of a serving Muslim British soldier in Iraq

2012 – The Toyota Corolla is known as the best-selling car of all time. Selling over 37.5 million units.

2018 – Both a blue moon and a total lunar eclipse occur

2020 United Kingdom formally withdraws from the European Union after 47 years.

Born Today ;-

1734 Robert Morris, English-born merchant and American founding father (signed US Declaration of Independence), born in Liverpool

1797 – Franz Schubert, Austrian pianist and composer

1857 George Jackson Churchward, Great Western Railway Chief mechanical engineer.

1865 Henri Desgrange, French cyclist and journalist, founder of the Tour-de-France

1881 Irving Langmuir, inventor (tungsten filament lamp/Nobel 1932)

1914 – Jersey Joe Walcott, American boxer and police officer, heavyweight boxing champion (1951-52), born in Merchantville, New Jersey

1921 Mario Lanza [Alfredo Arnold Cocozza], Italian-American actor and singer (Great Caruso, Toast of New Orleans), born in Philadelphia

1929 – Jean Simmons, actress (Thorn Birds, Guys & Dolls), born in London

1931 – Christopher Chataway, English runner, journalist, and politician MP/athlete (world record 5k)

1942 – Derek Jarman, English director, stage designer, and author

1956 – John Lydon, - Johnny Rotten singer-songwriter (Sex Pistols-God Save the Queen), born in Holloway

1970 – Minnie Driver, singer-songwriter and actress (Good Will Hunting, The Riches), born in London

1971 – Patrick Kielty, Northern Irish comedian and television host

1981 – Justin Timberlake, singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor

Died Today ;-

1606 Guy Fawkes, Hanged \ suicide (jumped from the gallows to break his neck to escape drawing & quartering)

1788 Bonnie Prince Charlie [Charles Edward Stuart], English pretender to throne (Jacobite rebellion), dies of a stroke

1933 John Galsworthy, English author (Forsyte Saga-Nobel 1932)

1956 A. A. Milne, author of the Winnie-the-Pooh

1995 Sir John Smith, (chairman Liverpool F.C. 1973-90)

2006 Moira Shearer, Scottish actress (The Red Shoes) and ballerina

2016 Terry Wogan broadcaster (Eurovision Song Contest, Blankety Blank), dies of cancer at 77

[Hamble]

1606 – Gunpowder Plot: Four of the conspirators, including Guy Fawkes, are executed for treason by hanging, drawing and quartering, for plotting against Parliament and King James.

1747 The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital

1849 Corn Laws abolished in Britain

1855 The government of Lord Aberdeen in the United Kingdom falls following heavy scrutiny of the Crimean War

1874 Jesse James gang robs a train at Gads Hill, Missouri

1876 The United States orders all Native Americans to move into reservations.

1915 – Germany is the first to make large-scale use of poison gas in warfare in the Battle of Bolimów against Russia.

1918 A series of accidental collisions on a misty Scottish night leads to the loss of two Royal Navy submarines with over a hundred lives, and damage to another five British warships.

1919 The Battle of George Square takes place in Glasgow, Scotland: troops deployed against strikers for fear of a Bolshevik uprising

1928 Scotch tape 1st marketed by 3-M Company

1929 Leon Trotsky expelled from Russia

1933 Adolf Hitler promises parliamentary democracy

1942 – Allied forces are defeated by the Japanese at the Battle of Malaya and retreat to Singapore.

1944 Operation-Overlord (D-Day) postponed until June

1944 –During the Anzio campaign, the 1st Ranger Battalion (Darby's Rangers) is destroyed behind enemy lines in a heavily outnumbered encounter at Battle of Cisterna, Italy.

1944 U-592 sunk off Ireland

1945 – US Army private Eddie Slovik is executed for desertion, the first such execution of an American soldier since the Civil War.

1945 Soviet troops reach the Oder River, less that 50 miles from Berlin

1945 – About 3,000 inmates from the Stutthof concentration camp are forcibly marched into the Baltic Sea at Palmnicken (now Yantarny, Russia) and executed (machine gunned). Corpses from Stutthof were used in small-scale production of soap made from human corpses at the lab of Professor Rudolf Spanner.

1948 Magnetic tape recorder developed by Wireway

1953 "Princess Victoria" Car Ferry capsized off Stanraer Scotland; 133 die

1953 Hurricane-like winds flood Netherlands drowning 1,835 and over 300 in UK

1958 US launches their 1st artificial satellite, Explorer 1

1961 David Ben-Gurion resigns as Prime Minister of Israel

1961 Ham the chimpanzee is 1st primate in space (158 miles) aboard Mercury/Redstone 2

1961 USAF launches Samos spy satellite to replace U-2 flights

1962 Samuel Gravely assumes command of destroyer escort "USS Falgout", first African American to command a combat ship

1968 Record high barometric pressure (1083.8 mb, 32"), at Agata, USSR

1971 "My Sweet Lord" by George Harrison hits #1 on UK pop chart

1972 British Home Secretary Reginald Maudling to House of Commons on 'Bloody Sunday', "The Army returned the fire directed at them with aimed shots and inflicted a number of casualties on those who were attacking them with firearms and with bombs"

1983 In an effort to reduce driving deaths, a new law in UK requires drivers and front-seat passengers to wear seatbelts

1985 South African President P. W. Botha offers to free Nelson Mandela if he denounces violence

1990 1st McDonalds in the Soviet Union opens in Moscow

1994 Dow Jones hits a record 3,978.36

1996 – An explosives-filled truck rams into the gates of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka in Colombo, killing at least 86 people and injuring 1,400.

2000 Family GP Dr Harold Shipman is jailed for life for murdering 15 of his patients, making him Britain's most prolific convicted serial killer

2001 – In the Netherlands, a Scottish court convicts Libyan Abdelbaset al-Megrahi and acquits another Libyan citizen for their part in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland in 1988.

2007 Suspects are arrested in Birmingham in the UK, accused of plotting the kidnap, holding and eventual beheading of a serving Muslim British soldier in Iraq

2012 – The Toyota Corolla is known as the best-selling car of all time. Selling over 37.5 million units.

2018 – Both a blue moon and a total lunar eclipse occur

2020 United Kingdom formally withdraws from the European Union after 47 years.

Born Today ;-

1734 Robert Morris, English-born merchant and American founding father (signed US Declaration of Independence), born in Liverpool

1797 – Franz Schubert, Austrian pianist and composer

1857 George Jackson Churchward, Great Western Railway Chief mechanical engineer.

1865 Henri Desgrange, French cyclist and journalist, founder of the Tour-de-France

1881 Irving Langmuir, inventor (tungsten filament lamp/Nobel 1932)

1914 – Jersey Joe Walcott, American boxer and police officer, heavyweight boxing champion (1951-52), born in Merchantville, New Jersey

1921 Mario Lanza [Alfredo Arnold Cocozza], Italian-American actor and singer (Great Caruso, Toast of New Orleans), born in Philadelphia

1929 – Jean Simmons, actress (Thorn Birds, Guys & Dolls), born in London

1931 – Christopher Chataway, English runner, journalist, and politician MP/athlete (world record 5k)

1942 – Derek Jarman, English director, stage designer, and author

1956 – John Lydon, - Johnny Rotten singer-songwriter (Sex Pistols-God Save the Queen), born in Holloway

1970 – Minnie Driver, singer-songwriter and actress (Good Will Hunting, The Riches), born in London

1971 – Patrick Kielty, Northern Irish comedian and television host

1981 – Justin Timberlake, singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor

Died Today ;-

1606 Guy Fawkes, Hanged \ suicide (jumped from the gallows to break his neck to escape drawing & quartering)

1788 Bonnie Prince Charlie [Charles Edward Stuart], English pretender to throne (Jacobite rebellion), dies of a stroke

1933 John Galsworthy, English author (Forsyte Saga-Nobel 1932)

1956 A. A. Milne, author of the Winnie-the-Pooh

1995 Sir John Smith, (chairman Liverpool F.C. 1973-90)

2006 Moira Shearer, Scottish actress (The Red Shoes) and ballerina

2016 Terry Wogan broadcaster (Eurovision Song Contest, Blankety Blank), dies of cancer at 77

1846 Repeal of the corn laws.

The Peel Monument and Bury.


https://lancashirepast.com/2019/11/2...be-tower-bury/

To clarify Sir Robert Peel the younger 1788- 1850

[Alikado]

1327 Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer.

1587 Queen Elizabeth I of England signs death warrant for her cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots

1669 French King Louis XIV limits freedom of religion

1788 1st US steamboat patent issued, by Georgia to Briggs & Longstreet

1810 US Population: 7,239,881, African American population: 1,377,808 (19%)

1814 Lord Byron's "Corsair" sells 10,000 copies on day of publication

1871 Jefferson Long of Georgia is first African American to make an official speech in US House of Representatives (opposing leniency to former Confederates)

1884 1st volume of the Oxford English Dictionary, A-Ant, published

1893 Giacomo Puccini's Opera "Manon Lescaut" premieres in Turin

1895 – Fountains Valley, Pretoria, the oldest nature reserve in Africa, is proclaimed by President Paul Kruger.

1896 Giacomo Puccini's Opera "La Boheme" premieres in Turin

1896 Giacomo Puccini's Opera "La Boheme" premieres in Turin

1910 1st British labour exchange opens

1920 Royal Canadian Mounted Police forms as Royal Northwest Mounted Police merge with Dominion Police

1926 Land at Broadway & Wall Street sold at a record $7 per sq inch

1942 2nd Norwegian government of Quisling forms

1943 German occupiers make Vidkun Quisling Norwegian premier

1947 Dmitri Shostakovich named professor at conservatoire of Leningrad

1949 RCA releases 1st single record ever (45 rpm)

1951 1st X-ray moving picture process demonstrated

1951 Alfred Krupp & 28 other German war criminals freed

1953 Flooding in Netherlands kills 1,835

1957 Felix Wankel's first working prototype DKM 54 of the rotary Wankel engine was running at the NSU (believed = No Sodding Use) research and development department Versuchsabteilung TX in Germany

1958 Tommy Taylor 2 goals and Duncan Edwards 1, in Manchester United's 5-4 win vs Arsenal at Highbury; pair amongst 7 players killed 5 days later when team’s charter plane crashes at Munich airport

1959 Texas Instruments requests patent of IC (Integrated Circuit)

1959 Swiss men vote against voting rights for women

1964 – The Beatles have their first number one hit in the United States with "I Want to Hold Your Hand".

1968 Saigon police chief Nguy?n Ng?c Loan executes Viet Cong officer Nguy?n V?n Lém with a pistol shot to head. The execution is captured by photographer Eddie Adams and becomes an anti-war icon.

1972 1st scientific hand-held calculator (HP-35) introduced ($395)

1978 Director Roman Polanski skips bail & flees to France after pleading guilty to charges of engaging in sex with a 13-year-old girl

1979 Ayatollah Khomeini returns to Iran after 15 years in exile

1979 English international forward Trevor Francis becomes Britain’s first £1 million soccer player when he transfers from Birmingham City to Nottingham Forest

1981 Australian cricket captain Greg Chappell sensationally instructs younger brother Trevor to bowl underarm to Brian McKechnie with NZ needing 6 from last ball to tie 3rd World Series ODI in Melbourne; Australia wins by 6

1991 Afghanistan and Pakistan hit by earthquake, 1,200 die

2003 Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrates during reentry into the Earth's atmosphere, killing all seven astronauts aboard.

2004 251 people are trampled to death and 244 injured in a stampede at the Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia.

2004 Wardrobe malfunction: Janet Jackson's breast is exposed during the half-time show of Super Bowl XXXVIII, resulting in US broadcasters adopting a stronger adherence to FCC censorship guidelines.

2005 Canada introduces the Civil Marriage Act, making Canada the fourth country to sanction same-sex marriage.

2005 Arsenal’s English Premier League record 33-game unbeaten streak at home ends when the Gunners go down, 4-2 to Manchester United at Highbury

2009 Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir is elected as the first female Prime Minister of Iceland, becoming the first openly gay Head of Government in the modern world.

2012 – Seventy-four people are killed and over 500 injured as a result of clashes between fans of Egyptian football teams Al Masry and Al Ahly in the city of Port Said.

2013 – The Shard, the tallest building in the European Union, is opened to the public.

2016 Alphabet, Google's parent company surpasses Apple as the world's most valuable company ($568bn vs $535bn), after releasing income results

2016 Poor weather conditions strand 100,000 Chinese New Year travelers at a railway station in Guangzhou, China

2016 WHO declares a global public health emergency over the rapid spread of zika-linked conditions

2019 January 2019 was Australia's hottest month on record according to the Bureau of Meteorology

Born Today ;-

1550 John Napier, Scottish mathematician and inventor (logarithms)

1561 – Henry Briggs, British mathematician notable for changing the original logarithms invented by John Napier into common (base 10) logarithms, which are sometimes known as Briggsian logarithms in his honour. The specific algorithm for long division in modern use was introduced by Briggs

1915 – Stanley Matthews, English footballer and manager

1707 Frederick Louis, English prince of Wales and son of George II, born in Hanover, Germany

1901 Clark Gable, actor (Gone With the Wind; It Happened One Night) known as 'The King of Hollywood',

1915 Stanley Matthews, England soccer player (54 caps; Stoke City, Blackpool; 1st British player to be knighted), born in Stoke-on-Trent,

1918 Muriel Spark, Scottish writer (The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie), born in Edinburgh

1921 – Peter Sallis, actor (Wallace and Gromit, Last of the Summer Wine, Wind in the Willows - Ratty), born in Twickenham. He was buried next to fellow Last of the Summer Wine actor Bill Owen in the churchyard of St John's Parish Church, Upperthong, near the town of Holmfirth

1931 – Boris Yeltsin, Russian politician, 1st President of Russian Federation (1991-1999), born in Butka, Sverdlovsk

1937 Tony Waiters, England soccer goalkeeper (5 caps; Blackpool) and manager (Canada, Plymouth Argyle, Vancouver Whitecaps), born in Southport

1942 – Terry Jones, Welsh actor, director, and screenwriter Monty Python, born in Colwyn Bay

1946 Elisabeth Sladen, English actress (Doctor Who, The Sarah Jane Adventures), born in Liverpool

1958 – Luther Blissett, Jamaican born England, AC Milan & Southport footballer

1964 – Linus Roache, actor, born in Manchester, son of Coronation Street actor William Roache, appeared in Coronation Street playing Peter Barlow, the son of his father's character Ken Barlow.

1968 – Lisa Marie Presley, singer-songwriter and actress, Elvis daughter

1977 Kevin Kilbane, Irish soccer left back, winger (110 caps Republic of Ireland; WBA, Sunderland, Everton), born in Preston

1994 – Harry Styles, singer-songwriter One Direction

Died today ;-

1328 Charles IV, the Handsome, King of France (1322-28), dies at 33

1851 Mary Shelley, novelist (Frankenstein), dies of a brain tumour at 53

1966 Buster Keaton, actor and comedian (Navigator, Steamboat Bill Jr, The General), dies at 70

2012 Angelo Dundee, boxing trainer and cornerman, dies at 90

[Alikado]

World Ukulele Day

World Wetlands Day

Groundhog Day

1141 – The Battle of Lincoln, at which Stephen, King of England is defeated and captured by the allies of Empress Matilda.[

1349 By this date at least 200 people a day were being buried in London as a result of the Black Death

1461 – Wars of the Roses: The Battle of Mortimer's Cross is fought in Herefordshire was a major battle of the Wars of the Roses. The opposing forces were an army led by Jasper Tudor and his father, Owen Tudor, and other nobles loyal to King Henry VI of the House of Lancaster

1709 British sailor Alexander Selkirk is rescued by William Dampier after being marooned on a desert island for 5 years, his story inspires "Robinson Crusoe

1731 George Frideric Handel's opera "Poro" premieres in London

1742 British government of Robert Walpole resigns

1795 Joseph Haydn's 102nd Symphony in B premieres

1814 – The last of the River Thames frost fairs comes to an end.

1823 Gioachino Rossini's opera "Semiramide" premieres in Venice

1829 Madman Jonathan Martin sets York Cathedral on fire, does £60,000 damage

1848 1st ship load of Chinese immigrants arrive in San Francisco

1852 1st British public men's toilet opens in Fleet St, London

1880 SS Strathleven arrives in London with first shipment of frozen Australian mutton

1892 Bottle cap patented by William Painter

1892 Former Northern CC Professional & Lancashire Legend Johnny Briggs takes a hat-trick, England v Australia SCG

1892 Longest boxing match under modern rules; 77 rounds in Nameoki, Illinois between Harry Sharpe & Frank Crosby. Sharpe won the match, that went on for more than five hours, by knockout in the 77th round. Reportedly, the match referee passed out in the 65th round leaving the remaining rounds of the game un-officiated.

1899 The Australian Premiers' Conference held in Melbourne decides to locate Australia's capital (Canberra) between Sydney and Melbourne.

1901 Queen Victoria's funeral takes place in St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, England

1922 It was 2:2:22 on 2/2/22

1922 James Joyce's "Ulysses" published in Paris

1924 Norway’s Thorleif Haug takes the cross-country double at the Chamonix Winter Olympics when he wins the 18k event; Haug also 50k gold medalist

1925 A diphtheria epidemic rages among Alaska Natives in the Nome area. Fierce territory-wide blizzard conditions prevented the delivery of a life-saving serum by aeroplane from Anchorage. Dogsleds reach Nome with emergency diphtheria serum after 1000-km. Today, the Iditarod Dog Sled Race follows the same route they took and ends in Nome

1926 3 men dance Charleston for 22 hours

1933 2 days after becoming chancellor, Adolf Hitler dissolves the German Reichstag

1933 Hermann Goering bans Communist meetings/demonstrations in Germany

1935 – Leonarde Keeler administers polygraph tests to two murder suspects, the first time polygraph evidence was admitted in U.S. courts.

1943 German 6th Army surrenders after Battle of Stalingrad in a major turning point in Europe during World War II

1944 4th US marine division conquers Roi, Marshall Islands

1944 Allied troops 1st set foot on Japanese territory

1954 Snow falls on Gibraltar

1954 "The Nutcracker" ballet choreographed by George Balanchine with Maria Tallchief as the Sugar Plum Fairy opens in New York, establishes its popularity in the US

1962 8 of 9 planets align for 1st time in 400 years

1963 Helen Shapiro begins tour (Beatles are part of undercard)

1972 Angry demonstrators burn the British Embassy in Dublin to the ground in protest at the shooting dead of 13 people on 'bloody sunday'

1988 David Boon's 6th Test Cricket century, 184* v England at Sydney

1989 F. W. de Klerk replaces P. W. Botha as South Africa's National Party leader

1990 – Apartheid: F. W. de Klerk announces the unbanning of the African National Congress and promises to release Nelson Mandela.

1993 Václav Havel becomes the first president of an independent Czech Republic, after the split with Slovakia

2012 Cold snap across Europe kills over 400 people by 08-02

2016 First case of Zika contracted on US mainland (Texas) and second known sexually transmitted case confirmed in Texas

2018 All 955 miners rescued from the Beatrix gold mine in Welkom town, South Africa, after 2 days underground

2019 More than 40 mummies from 323-30 BC found at a burial site at Tuna el-Gebel archaeological site south of Cairo

2020 Palindrome Day: the date 02022020 reads the same forward and backward including in the US and China (last one like this 11 November 1111)

Born Today ;-

1650 – Nell Gwyn, English actress, mistress of King Charles II

1882 – James Joyce, Irish novelist, short story writer, and poet (Dubliners, Ulysses, Finnigan's Wake)

1912 Millvina Dean, British civil servant who was the last living survivor of the RMS Titanic and also the youngest aboard, born in Branscombe, Devon

1926 Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, French politician, President of France (1974-81), born in Koblenz, French-occupied Germany

1931 – Les Dawson, English comedian and author

1940 – David Jason, English actor, director, and producer

1941 – Terry Biddlecombe, Champion jockey

1942 Graham Nash, musician and singer-songwriter (the Hollies, Crosby, Stills & Nash), born in Blackpool

1944 - Andrew Davis, conductor

1944 - Geoffrey Hughes, actor born Wallesey

1947 – Farrah Fawcett, American actress and producer

1950 – Libby Purves, British journalist and author

1951 - Ken Bruce, Scottish broadcaster

1954 – Christie Brinkley, American actress, model, and businesswoman

1963 Stephen McGann, actor born in Liverpool

1977 Shakira, Colombian pop singer (Whenever Wherever, Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)), born in Barranquilla, Colombia

1979 Christine Bleakley, Northern Irish broadcaster and presenter - Mrs Frank Lampard

1986 – Gemma Arterton, English actress and singer

Died Today ;-

1461 Owen Tudor, Welsh founder of the Tudor dynasty of England, married Henry V widow Cathrine of Valois, grandfather of Henry VII

1907 Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist and inventor who devised the periodic table of the elements, dies at 72

1918 John L. Sullivan, Irish-American heavyweight boxing champ (1882-92), dies at 59

1925 Jaap Eden, Dutch world champion cyclist and Champion speed skater, dies at 51He is the only male athlete to win world championships in both speed skating and bicycle racing

1969 Boris Karloff [William H. Pratt], actor (The Mummy, Frankenstein)

1970 Bertrand Russell, English mathematician and philosopher

1979 Sid Vicious [John Simon Ritchie], English musician and bassist (Sex Pistols), dies of a heroin overdose at 21

1987 Alistair MacLean, Scottish novelist (The Guns of Navarone)

1990 Joe Erskine, Welsh heavyweight boxer (British heavyweight champion 1956-58), dies at 56

1995 Fred Perry, English tennis player/broadcaster (8-time Grand Slam singles winner), dies of broken ribs at 85

1995 Donald Pleasence, British actor (You Only Live Twice, Escape from New York, Halloween

1996 Gene Kelly, American actor (An American in Paris, Going My Way) and dancer stopped Singin' in the Rain

2005 Max Schmeling, German boxer (world heavyweight champion 1930-32), counted out at 99

[Nick2]

Interestingly the Australian capital name Canberra is derived from a local Aboriginal word meaning "meeting place".

[Alikado]

The Day the Music Died

World Read Aloud Day

International Golden Retriever Day

1377 Mass execution of population (between 2,500 and 5,000) of Cesena, Italy, by Breton troops of Giovanni Acuto under the command of Robert, Cardinal of Geneva

1547 Russian Tsar Ivan IV [Ivan the Terrible] (17) marries Anastasia Romanova (17)

1815 World's first commercial cheese factory established, in Switzerland

1825 Dutch North Sea coast floods

1844 Hector Berlioz's "Carnaval Romain" premieres in Paris

1863 Samuel Clemens first uses the pen name Mark Twain in a Virginia City newspaper, the "Territorial Enterprise"

1876 Albert Spalding with $800 starts sporting goods co, manufacturing 1st official baseball, tennis ball, basketball, golf ball, & football

1882 Circus owner P. T. Barnum buys his world famous elephant Jumbo

1887 To avoid disputed national elections, the US Congress creates Electoral Count Act

1917 US liner Housatonic is sunk by German submarine, on the same day that US President Woodrow Wilson breaks off diplomatic relations with Germany. The American entry into World War I begins

1918 Twin Peaks Tunnel for streetcars begins service in San Francisco, at 11,920 feet one of world's longest

1928 Paleoanthropologist Davidson Black reports his findings on the ancient human fossils found at Zhoukoudian, China in the journal Nature and declares them to be a new species he names 'Sinanthropus pekinensis' (now known as 'Homo erectus')

1931 New Zealand's worst natural disaster, the Hawke's Bay earthquake, kills 258 and injures thousands, devastating Napier and the Hawke's Bay region

1937 Don Bradman scores 212 (in 441 minutes!) in 5th cricket test v England

1944 United States troops capture the Marshall Islands.

1945 Almost 1,000 Flying Fortresses drop 3,000 tons of bombs on Berlin. As part of Operation Thunderclap, a raid which kills between 2,500 and 3,000 and leaves another 120,000 homeless.

1947 -81°F (-63°C), Snag Yukon (North American record)

1956 Toni Sailer of Austria wins the downhill at the Cortina d'Ampezzo Winter Olympics; becomes first athlete to sweep all 3 alpine skiing events in a single Olympics

1958 – Founding of the Benelux Economic Union, creating a testing ground for a later European Economic Community.

1959 "The Day the Music Died" Rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson are killed in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa.

1960 British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan makes his famous "wind of change" speech in Africa, against the apartheid regime, angering South African politicians

1961 – The United States Air Forces begins Operation Looking Glass, and over the next 30 years, a "Doomsday Plane" is always in the air, with the capability of taking direct control of the United States' bombers and missiles in the event of the destruction of the SAC's command post.

1964 French sisters Marielle Goitschel (gold) and Christine Goitschel (silver) repeat (in reverse order) their top-2 finish in the slalom 2 days earlier, in the giant slalom at the Innsbruck Winter Olympics

1966 1st operational weather satellite, ESSA-1 launched US

1966 – The Soviet Union's Luna 9 becomes the first spacecraft to make a soft landing on the Moon, and the first spacecraft to take pictures from the surface of the Moon.

1967 Ronald Ryan, the last person to be executed in Australia, is hanged in Pentridge Prison, Melbourne

1971 NYPD officer Frank Serpico is shot during a drug bust while his fellow officers stood outside and failed to call for assistance, he survives to later testify against police corruption.

1972 – The first day of the seven-day 1972 Iran blizzard of over 3m, which would kill at least 4,000 people, making it the deadliest snowstorm in history.

1982 Greatest helicopter lift, 56,888 kg, Podmoscovnoe, USSR

1982 John Sharples of England finishes 371 hours of disco dancing

1982 Porn star John Holmes ordered to stand trial for murder

1988 Nurses across the UK strike over pay and funding for the NHS

1990 US Jockey Bill Shoemaker (58), retires after 40,350 horse race

1993 Federal trial of 4 police officers charged with civil rights violations in videotaped beating of Rodney King begins in Los Angeles

1998 Karla Faye Tucker is executed in Texas, first woman executed in the United States since 1984

2006 An Egyptian passenger ferry sank in the Red Sea during bad weather, killing more than 1,000 passengers.

2007 – A Baghdad market bombing kills at least 135 people and injures a further 339.

2011 All available blocks of IPv4 internet addresses are officially distributed to regional authorities.

2016 Lord Lucan's death certificate is granted, 42 years after he disappeared following the murder of nanny Sandra Rivett

2018 Moscow has its heaviest snowfall in a day on record, killing one and bringing down 2,000 trees

2020 Cruise ship Diamond Princess with 3700 passengers quarantined in Yokohama port, Japan after cases of COVID-19 found on board

Born Today ;-

1480 Ferdinand Magellan, Portuguese explorer

1809 – Felix Mendelssohn, German pianist, composer, and conductor

1821 Elizabeth Blackwell, English-American physician who was the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States, born in Bristol, England

1851 Lord Harris, Yorkdhire cricketer (4 Tests for England ), born in Lincolnshire but reputedly qualified for Yorkshire as was conceived on Doncaster Racecourse.

1859 – Hugo Junkers, German engineer, designed the Junkers J 1

1899 Doris Speed, British actress dubbed 'The Queen Mother of Soap' (Coronation Street)

1914 George Nissen, American inventor (created the trampoline)

1920 Henry Heimlich, Surgeon and inventor of the Heimlich maneuver

1927 Val Doonican [Michael Valentine], Irish singer and entertainer

1936 – Bob Simpson, Australian cricketer and Lancashire coach, Scored 311 in Test at Old Trafford, His father Jock played soccer for Stenhousemuir in the Scottish League, his grandfather Harry played briefly for Stoke, and the 1910s England international player Jock Simpson was also a relative.

1938 Emile Griffith, American boxer, (world welterweight, middleweight & junior middleweight champion), born in Saint Thomas, US Virgin Islands

1948 Henning Mankell, Swedish playwright and author (Wallander novels)

1950 – Morgan Fairchild, American actress

1955 Kirsty Wark, broadcaster journalist

1966 Danny Morrison, Lancashire & New Zealand cricket fast bowler (48 Tests, 160 wickets; 96 ODIs, 126 wickets) and broadcaster (TVNZ, Sky Sports, Radio Sport), born in Auckland, He is sometimes referred to as "The Duckman"

1969 – Beau Biden, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 44th Attorney General of Delaware He was the eldest of three children from the marriage of U.S. President Joe Biden and his first wife, Neilia Hunter Biden

1970 – Warwick Davis, English actor, producer, and screenwriter

1978 Amal Clooney, British-Lebanese human rights lawyer

Died Today ;-

1399 John of Gaunt, English prince, Duke of Lancaster, founder of the royal House of Lancaster

1468 Johannes Gutenberg, German inventor (movable printing press)

1909 Johann Georg Herzog, composer,

1922 John Butler Yeats, Northern Irish artist father of W. B. Yeats, Lily Yeats, Elizabeth Yeats Jack Butler Yeats

1859 – Hugo Junkers, German engineer, designed the Junkers J 1 on his birthday.

1873 – Isaac Baker Brown, English gynecologist and surgeon. He was a specialist in the diseases of women and advocated certain surgical procedures, including clitoridectomies, as cures for epilepsy and hysteria

1959 Roger Peterson - Pilot
1959 Charles Hardin Holley - Buddy Holly
1959 Richard Valenzuela - Ritchie Valens
1959 Jiles Perry (J.P.) Richardson - The Big Bopper

2011 – Maria Schneider, French actress (Last Tango in Paris, Crime of Honor), dies at 58

[Alikado]

World Cancer Day

1194 100,000 ransom is paid for Richard I, King of England

1783 Worst quake in 8 years kills some 50,000 in Calabria, Italy

1789 1st US electoral college chooses George Washington as President and John Adams as Vice-President

1797 Earthquake in Quito, Ecuador kills 41,000

1913 Louis Perlman patents demountable auto tire-carrying wheel rim

1920 1st flight from London to South Africa departs (takes 1½ months)

1924 Jacob Tullin Thams of Norway wins ski jumping gold at the Chamonix Winter Olympics; in 1936 he earns a silver medal in sailing at Berlin Summer Games

1936 1st radioactive substance produced synthetically (radium E)

1938 Adolf Hitler seizes control of German army and puts Nazis in key posts

1941 British tanks occupy Maus, Libya

1945 – Santo Tomas Internment Camp is liberated from Japanese authority. 3000 released, many near death from starvation.

1945 Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin meet at Yalta in the Crimea to discuss the final phase of World War II

1957 1st electric portable typewriter placed on sale

1969 The Palestine National Congress appoints Yasser Arafat chairman of the PLO

1971 British car maker Rolls Royce declared itself bankrupt

1972 Dutch speed skater Ard Schenk wins the 5,000m at the Sapporo Winter Olympics; also wins the 1,500m and 10,000m gold medals

1973 Manfred Kokot runs world record 50m indoor (5.61 sec)

1973 British Army snipers shoot dead a Provisional Irish Republican Army volunteer and three civilians at the junction in Belfast during the 'Troubles' in N Ireland

1974 – M62 coach bombing: The Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) explodes a bomb on a bus carrying off-duty British Armed Forces personnel in Yorkshire, England. Nine soldiers and three civilians are killed.

1974 Randolph Hearst’s 19-year-old daughter, Patty Hearst, is kidnapped from her apartment in California by the Symbionese Liberation Army

1976 7.5 earthquake kills 22,778 in Guatemala & Honduras

1977 The album "Rumours" by Fleetwood Mac was released.

1984 Frank Aquilera sets world frisbee distance record (168m) Las Vegas

1988 Despite union calls to end the strike, rank-and-file seamen at major British ports refuse to return to work

1998 An earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter Scale in northeast Afghanistan kills more than 5,000

2004 Mark Zuckerberg and Eduardo Saverin launch Facebook from his Harvard dormitory room

2012 Tens of thousands of people are stranded by floods in the Australian states of New South Wales and Queensland

2013 Europol announces it will investigate over 680 football matches alleged to involve match fixing

2013 Paris, France annuls 213 year old law banning women from wearing trousers

2014 Same-sex marriage is legalized in Scotland

Born Today ;-

1677 – Johann Ludwig Bach, German violinist and composer He was a third cousin of Johann Sebastian Bach

1767 - Johann Franz Volkert, composer

1895 Nigel Bruce, British actor (Rebecca, Suspicion, Sherlock Holmes), born in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico

1902 Charles Lindbergh, American aviator who was 1st to fly solo across the Atlantic, born in Detroit

1905 – Hylda Baker, English comedian, actress and music hall performer, born in Farnworth

1913 – Rosa Parks, American civil rights activist who famously refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger, born in Tuskegee, Alabama

1915 – Norman Wisdom, singer-songwriter and actor

1920 Derek Worlock, English Roman Catholic Archbishop Liverpool

1935 Wallis Mathias, cricketer (A Catholic, 1st non-Muslim to play for Pakistan)

1948 Alice Cooper [Vincent Furnier], rocker (School's Out), born in Detroit

1970 – Hunter Biden, son of Joe Biden

1972 – Dara Ó Briain, Irish comedian and television host

Died Today ;-

1503 -Queen Elizabeth, consort of Henry VII of England, dies

1983 - Karen Carpenter, American vocalist and drummer (We Only Just Begun), dies of anorexia at 32

1987 - Liberace, pianist (Liberace Show, Evil Chandell-Batman), dies at 67

2012 – Florence Green, WRAF last known veteran survivor of WWI any country

2018 - Kenneth Haigh, actor actor (Look Back in Anger, Search for the Nile), dies at 86

[Alikado]

World Nutella® Day

AD 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, ItalyThe earthquake may have been a precursor to the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79, which destroyed the same two towns.

1428 King Alfonso V, orders Sicily's Jews to attend conversion sermons

1597 A group of early Japanese Christians are killed by crucifixation by the new government of Japan for being seen as a threat to Japanese society

1649 Prince of Wales proclaimed King Charles II of Great Britian by Covenanter Parliament of Scotland

1783 Earthquakes ravage Calabria, killing 30,000

1811 Prince George, Prince of Wales, later George IV, is appointed as Prince-Regent after his father King George III is recognized as insane due to mental illness

1825 Hannah Lord Montague of NY creates 1st detachable shirt collar

1850 Adding machine employing depressible keys patented, New Paltz, NY

1852 – The New Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg, Russia, one of the largest and oldest museums in the world, opens to the public.

1869 World's largest alluvial gold nugget, the 'Welcome Stranger', found by John Deason and Richard Oates (weighting 97.14kg) in Moliagul, Australia

1887 Giuseppe Verdi's opera "Otello" premieres at La Scala in Italy, Verdi's first new opera for over 15 years

1900 The United States and the United Kingdom sign treaty for Panama Canal

1907 – Belgian chemist Leo Baekeland announces the creation of Bakelite, the world's first synthetic plastic.

1909 – Belgian chemist Leo Baekeland announces the creation of Bakelite, the world's first synthetic plastic.

1913 – Greek military aviators, Michael Moutoussis and Aristeidis Moraitinis perform the first naval air mission in history, with a Farman MF.7 hydroplane.

1918 – SS Tuscania is torpedoed off the coast of Ireland; it is the first ship carrying American troops to Europe to be torpedoed and sunk. 210 lives lost.

1922 Reader's Digest magazine 1st published

1924 The Royal Greenwich Observatory begin broadcasting the hourly time signals known as the Greenwich Time Signal or the "BBC pips".

1931 Malcolm Campbell sets world land speed record speed of 246.08 mph driving his famous Blue Bird car at Daytona Beach

1943 Jake LaMotta defeats future multi-weight world boxing champion Sugar Ray Robinson by unanimous points decision in Detroit in the 2nd of their 6 meetings; his only win of their rivalry; Robinson’s first loss in his first 40 pro bouts

1944 358 RAF bombers attack Stettin

1953 Sweet rationing imposed in WWII ends in Britain

1957 Dmitri Shostakovich completes his 2nd Piano Concert

1958 Test Cricket debut of Lance Gibbs, WI v Pakistan, Port-of-Spain

1958 – A hydrogen bomb known as the Tybee Bomb is lost by the US Air Force off the coast of Savannah, Georgia, never to be recovered.

1968 A fishing trawler Ross Cleveland from Hull sinks off the coast of Iceland, the 3rd (St Romanus & Kingston Peridot) in less than a month and triggered an official inquiry which led to major changes to employment and working practices within the British fishing industry.

1969 US population reaches 200 million

1971 Apollo 14, 3rd US manned Moon expedition, lands near Fra Mauro Alan Shepard & Edward Mitchell (Apollo 14) walk on Moon for 4 hrs

1972 US airlines begin mandatory inspection of passengers & baggage

1974 British miners begin their strike in reaction to the three-day week

1976 Last day of Test Cricket for Lance Gibbs

1978 Blizzard forms in US North East, 100 people killed in New England and New York over 3 days

1982 British airline Laker Airways collapses owing £270m

1983 Former Nazi Gestapo official Klaus Barbie (The Butcher of Lyon) brought to trial, After the war, United States intelligence services employed him for his anti-Marxist efforts and also aided his escape to Bolivia. Died in prison 1991

1984 NZ beat England (82 & 93) by an innings in 3 days

1987 Dow Jones avg closes above 2,200 for 1st time

1996 British supermarket chains stock genetically modified tomato puree - the first GM food to be sold in the country

1997 – The so-called Big Three banks in Switzerland announce the creation of a $71 million fund to aid Holocaust survivors and their families.

2000 – Russian forces massacre at least 60 civilians in the Novye Aldi suburb of Grozny, Chechnya.

2004 Twenty-three Chinese people drown when a group of 35 cockle-pickers are trapped by rising tides in Morecambe Bay, Twenty-one bodies are recovered.

2008 – A major tornado outbreak across the Southern United States kills 57.

2013 UK House of Commons votes in favour of same-sex marriage

2015 70s British rock star Gary Glitter is convicted of sexual child abuse charges

2016 Computer hackers try to steal 1 billion from Federal Reserve Bank of New York using Bangladesh banking codes, steal 81 million before a typo alerts authorities

2017 Heavy metal band Black Sabbath play their last concert in their home town Birmingham

2018 A share market sell off starts on Wall Street with Dow Jones sinking 4.6%, spreads around the globe

2019 Pope Francis admits for the first time that clerics have sexually abused nuns

2020 – United States President Donald Trump is acquitted by the United States Senate in his first impeachment trial.

Born Today ;-

1788 Robert "Bobbie" Peel, British Prime Minister (Tory/Conservative/Peelite: 1834-35; 1841-46), founder of the British Conservative Party and founder of the modern police force (Bobbies), born in Ramsbottom

1840 John Boyd Dunlop, Scotland, developer (pneumatic rubber tyre) co-founded Dunlop Rubber

1889 – Ernest Tyldesley, Lancs & England cricketer, prolific batsman (1st Lancastrian to score a hundred 100's) younger brother of Johnny Tyldesley. His great-great-nephew is the Yorkshire and England cricketer Michael Vaughan

1908 Daisy and Violet Hilton, British conjoined twins (d. 1969)

1920 Frank Muir, British comedian, Tv personality

1943 Nolan Bushnell, American electrical engineer (founded Atari, created Pong), born in Clearfield, Utah

1946 – Charlotte Rampling, actress (Zardoz, Night Porter, Verdict), born in Sturmer, Essex

1948 – Sven-Göran Eriksson, Swedish footballer and manager

1949 David Sullivan, Welsh businessman & pornographer. Joint owner West Ham with business partner David Gold - known as The D ildo Brothers.

1969 – Michael Sheen, Welsh actor and director

1977 – Ben Ainslie, English sailor born in Macclesfield. He is one of three athletes to win medals in five different Olympic Games in sailing

1980 – Jo Swinson, politician ex Lib Dem leader

1984 – Carlos Tevez, Argentinian footballer

1985 – Cristiano Ronaldo, Portuguese footballer

1992 – Neymar, Brazilian footballer

Died Today ;-

1881 – Thomas Carlyle, Scottish philosopher, historian, and academic

1979 Eddie Paynter, Prolific Lancs & England batsman (20 Tests for England, avg 59.23)

2008 Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, Indian guru who developed Transcendental Meditation

2010 Ian Carmichael, British actor (Private's Progress, I'm All Right Jack)

2019 Dakshayani 'Gaja Muthassi, elephant 'granny' Indian elephant, oldest in captivity, dies in Kerala at 88

2020 Kirk Douglas, 103, Actor,

[Alikado]

International Day of Zero Tolerance to Female Genital Mutilation

International Pisco Sour Day

AD 60 – The earliest date for which the day of the week is known. A graffito in Pompeii identifies this day as a dies Solis (Sunday), by a system in which Sunday corresponds to the day of the week this day would have in modern reckoning: Wednesday.

1685 Duke of York becomes King James II of England and VII of Scotland upon the death of his brother Charles II

1778 Britain declares war on France

1819 Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles founds Singapore as a British trading port

1820 1st organized emigration of blacks back to Africa (NY to Sierra Leone)

1820 US population announced at 9,638,453, African Americans 1,771,656 (18.4%)

1820 First 86 African American immigrants sponsored by the American Colonization Society start a settlement in present-day Liberia

1832 1st appearance of cholera in Edinburgh

1836 HMS Beagle and Charles Darwin arrive in Van Diemen's Land

1843 Frontiersman Kit Carson (33) weds Josefa Jaramillo (14) at Our Lady of Guadalupe Church

1851 – The largest Australian bushfires in a populous region in recorded history take place in the state of Victoria.

1851 Robert Schumann's 3rd Symphony "Rhenisch" premieres in Dusseldorf

1854 Composer Robert Schumann is saved from suicide attempt into the Rhine

1894 Bottle opener patented by William Painter

1900 – The Permanent Court of Arbitration, an international arbitration court at The Hague, is created when the Senate of the Netherlands ratifies an 1899 peace conference decree.

1911 Great fire destroys downtown Constantinople

1918 Great Britain grants women (30 & over who meet minimum property qualifications) the vote

1933 Highest recorded sea wave (not tsunami), 34 m, in North Pacific hurricane by USS Ramapo

1933 -90°F (-68°C), Oymyakon, USSR (Asian record)

1935 "Monopoly" board game goes on sale for 1st time

1941 Battle of Beda Fomm: Italian 10th army destroyed

1941 British troops conquer Bengazi, Libya

1943 1st Spitfire in action above Darwin, Australia, Mu Ki-46 shot down

1945 Russian Red Army crosses the river Oder

1945 US 8th Air Force bombs Magdeburg/Chemnitz

1948 1st radio-controlled airplane flown

1948 Bradman retires hurt, 57 in his last Test Cricket innings in Australia

1952 Queen Elizabeth II succeeds King George VI to the British throne and proclaimed Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms

1953 Ian Craig makes Test Cricket debut at 17 yrs 239 days, youngest Aussie

1956 University of Alabama suspends African-American student Autherine Lucy claiming that it can no longer provide for her safety

1958 21 dead in air crash at Munich-Riem Airport; 8 players and 3 staff are from the Manchester United football team

1959 – Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments files the first patent for an integrated circuit.

1964 France & Great-Britain sign accord over building channel tunnel

1968 Former President Dwight Eisenhower shot a hole-in-one

1971 1st time a golf ball is hit on Moon (by Alan Shepard)

1971 The Irish Republican Army shoots and kills Gunner Robert Curtis, the first British soldier to die during the 'Troubles'

1971 Bernard Watt (28), a Catholic civilian, is shot and killed by the British Army (BA) during street disturbances in Ardoyne, Belfast

1971 James Saunders (22), a member of the IRA, is shot and killed by the British Army during a gun battle near the Oldpark Road, Belfast

1972 A Civil Rights march held in Newry, County Down; very large turn-out with many people attending to protest at the killings in Derry the previous Sunday

1978 Snowstorm hits New England, parts of Rhode Island (54" / 137cm) with sustained winds of 65 mph and snowfall of four inches an hour.

1981 “This Is Your Life,” Tv presenter Eamonn Andrews announced to footballer Danny Blanchflower. “Oh no, it’s not," the star player thought to himself, and in a move admired many times on the field, swiftly side-stepped Andrews and left him standing as he bolted for the door. He became the first celebrity who refused to appear on the popular live show.

1997 Diane Blood, 32, in England, won right to use her dead husband's sperm

2005 Tony Blair, now the longest-serving Labour PM, marks 2,838 days as British Prime Minister

2012 Queen Elizabeth II marks the 60th anniversary of becoming British monarch, becoming only the second to do so

2018 – SpaceX's Falcon Heavy, a super heavy launch vehicle, makes its maiden flight.

2019 Quadriga, Canada's biggest cryptocurrency exchange is unable to get to $145 million of bitcoin assets after its CEO dies with its access passwords

2020 US astronaut Christina Koch completes the longest continuous spaceflight by a female astronaut after 328 days on the International Space Station, landing in Kazakhstan

2020 Antarctica records high temperature of 64.9 F / 18.2 C at Esperanza, Argentina’s research station

2020 1st COVID-19 related death in the US

Born Today ;-

1665 – Anne, Queen of Great Britain (1702-14), born in St James's Palace

1748 Adam Weishaupt, German philosopher & founder of the Order of the Illuminati, born in Ingolstadt, Germany

1756 Aaron Burr, 3rd US Vice President (D-R: 1801-05) who killed Alexander Hamilton in a pistol duel, born in Newark, New Jersey

1811 Henry George Liddell, English lexicographer & father of the Alice in Alice in Wonderland, born in Bishop Auckland

1838 Henry Irving [John Brodribb], British Victorian actor, 1st actor to receive a knighthood (knighted 1895) and the inspiration for Bram Stoker's Dracula, born in Bradford

1876 – Henry Blogg, English fisherman and sailor, a lifeboatman from Cromer on the north coast of Norfolk, England and the most decorated in RNLI history. When Henry Blogg retired in 1947,[1] after 53 years service and at age 71, 11 years past the usual retiring date, the new lifeboat at Cromer was named after him. He had been coxswain for 38 years of his service during which he had launched 387 times and rescued 873 people, he was awarded the gold medal of the RNLI three times and the silver medal four times, the George Cross, the British Empire Medal,

1895 – Babe Ruth, American baseball player and coach

1911 – Ronald Reagan, 40th US President (Republican: 1981-89) and actor (Bedtime for Bonzo), born in Tampico, Illinois

1912 – Eva Braun, German wife of Adolf Hitler born in Munich,

1913 Mary Leakey, British paleoanthropologist, discovered earliest human footprints ((3.6 million years old), born in London

1916 John Crank was a mathematical physicist, best known for his work on the numerical solution of partial differential equations. born in Hindley

1917 – Zsa Zsa Gabor [Sári Gábor], 9 times married Hungarian actress born in Budapest Her sisters were actresses Eva and Magda Gabor. Served 3 days jail for slapping the face of Beverly Hills police officer Paul Kramer when he stopped her for a traffic violations

1922 – Patrick Macnee, actor, (The Avengers, Magnum, P.I., Sherlock Holmes), born in London

1922 – Denis Norden, English actor, screenwriter, and television host

1924 – Billy Wright, Wolves & England Captain born in Ironbridge. He made his first team debut for the club aged just 15 in a 2–1 win at Notts County in 1939. This game was played shortly after the start of World War II, so it is not counted as the official debut. The first footballer in the world to earn 100 international caps, Wright also holds the record for longest unbroken run in competitive international football.[1] He also made a total of 105 appearances for England, captaining them a record 90 times, Married to Joy Beverley of the Beverley Sisters.

1931 – Fred Trueman, Yorkshire & England cricketer born in Stainton. Trueman played football for Lincoln City during his national service. At a dinner whilst on tour in India Trueman is said to have ordered a local dignitary, apparently the Indian High Commissioner: "Pass t'salt, Gunga Din" He was also father in law of acress Raquel Welch and was elected Pipe Smoker of the Year in 1974

1933 – Leslie Crowther, English comedian, actor, and game show host, The Price is Right, Crackerjack.

1940 – Jimmy Tarbuck, comedian born in Liverpool, father of actress & presenter Liza Tarbuck

1943 Gayle Hunnicutt, American actress (Legend of Hell House, Dallas), born in Fort Worth, Texas

1945 – Bob Marley, Jamaican singer-songwriter and guitarist (Exodus, One Love), born in Nine Mile, Saint Ann, Jamaica

1949 – Mike Batt, English singer-songwriter and producer, The Wombles

1950 Natalie Cole, American vocalist (Pink Cadillac, Miss You Like Crazy), born in Los Angeles daughter of Nat King Cole

1956 Jon Walmsley, British actor (Jason in The Waltons), born in Blackburn

1960 – Jeremy Bowen, Welsh journalist, BBC

1966 – Rick Astley, English singer-songwriter (Never Gonna Give You Up), born in Newton-le-Willows

Died Today ;-

1685 Charles II, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland

1783 Lancelot "Capability" Brown, English landscape architect

1804 Joseph Priestley, English chemist, theologian and author who discovered oxygen and carbonated water

1865 – Isabella Beeton, author of Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Managemen

1899 Prince Alfred of Edinburgh, dies at 24 in mysterious circumstances

1931 – Motilal Nehru, Indian lawyer and politician, President of the Indian National Congress

1952 George VI King of the United Kingdom (1936-52), dies of a coronary thrombosis at 56



1958 David Pegg,
1958 Tommy Taylor,
1958 Geoff Bent,
1958 Roger Byrne,
1958 Mark Jones,
1958 Eddie Colman,
1958 Billy Whelan,
Duncan Edwards died 15 Days later in Hospital
1958 Walter Crickmer,
1958 Tom Curry, trainer
1958 Bert Whalley, chief coach
1958 Alf Clarke, Manchester Evening Chronicle
1958 Donny Davies, Manchester Guardian
1958 George Follows, Daily Herald
1958Tom Jackson, Manchester Evening News
1958 Archie Ledbrooke, Daily Mirror
1958 Henry Rose, Daily Express
1958 Frank Swift, News of the World
1958 Eric Thompson, Daily Mail

1985 James Hadley Chase, author

1985 Dandy Nichols [Daisy Sander], actress (Till Death Us Do Part, Confessions of a Window Cleaner)

1993 Arthur Ashe, Tennis Player, who had contracted HIV through a tainted blood transfusion, died at age 49.

2010 John Dankworth, English jazz musician and composer, dies at 82 married to Cleo Laine

2017 Joost can der Westhuizen, South African rugby player, dies of motor neurone disease at 45

2019 Rosamunde Pilcher, English novelist (The Shell Seekers), dies at 94

[Alikado]

1238 The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir

1301 – Edward of Caernarvon (later king Edward II of England) becomes the first English Prince of Wales.

1613 Michail Romanov (aged 16) becomes Tsar of Russia

1783 Great Siege of Gibraltar launched by France and Spain against the British colony during American War of Independence is lifted after 3 years and 7 months

1845 The Portland Vase, thought to date to the 1st century BC is shattered into more than 80 pieces by a drunken visitor to the British Museum

1863 HMS Orpheus sinks off the coast of Auckland, New Zealand, killing 189

1882 Last bare knuckle champion John L Sullivan KOs Paddy Ryan

1900 – Second Boer War: British troops fail in their third attempt to lift the Siege of Ladysmith.

1904 Baltimore catches fire (1500 buildings destroyed in 80 blocks in 30 hours)

1907 Conservative coalition take over Reichstag in Germany after rallying conservatives against the threat of a socialist government

1915 1st wireless message sent from a moving train to a station received

1928 1st solo flight from England to Australia takes off from Croydon, piloted by Australian aviator Bert Hinkler (arrives 15 ½ days later)

1936 Felix the Cat, animated film released

1940 Walt Disney's second feature length movie, "Pinocchio" premieres

1943 – Imperial Japanese Navy forces complete the evacuation of Imperial Japanese Army troops from Guadalcanal during Operation Ke, ending Japanese attempts to retake the island from Allied forces in the Guadalcanal Campaign

1943 Shoe rationing begins in US (may purchase up to 3 more pairs in 1942)

1944 Germans launch counteroffensive at Anzio, Italy

1948 After winning Lake Placid (1932) and Garmisch-Partenkirchen (1936) Olympic ski jumping gold medals, Birger Ruud comes out of retirement to win silver in St. Moritz in a Norwegian medal sweep

1949 Joe DiMaggio becomes 1st $100,000 a year baseball player

1951 – Korean War: More than 700 suspected communist sympathizers are massacred by South Korean forces.

1958 1st showing of Dutch auto-transmission car, the DAF 600

1959 Cessna lands in Las Vegas after 65 days without landing (refuels in air)

1960 Old handwriting found in at Qumran, near the Dead Sea

1969 Al-Fatah-leader Yasser Arafat becomes president of PLO

1971 Switzerland votes for national women's suffrage in a referendum

1974 The Symbionese Liberation Army claim responsibility for the kidnapping of Patty Hearst, daughter of Randolph Hearst

1979 Pink Floyd premiere their live version of "The Wall" in Los Angeles

1984 David (born without immunity system) touches his mother for 1st time at age 12

1984 – Space Shuttle program: STS-41-B Mission: Astronauts Bruce McCandless II and Robert L. Stewart make the first untethered space walk using the Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU).

1990 – Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party agrees to give up its monopoly on power.

1991 The IRA launches a mortar attack on 10 Downing Street during a cabinet meeting.

1992 Maastricht Treaty signed by 12 countries from the European Community (EC) to create the European Union (EU)

1997 – NeXT merges with Apple Computer, starting the path to Mac OS X

2005: Ellen MacArthur becomes the fastest person to sail solo around the world taking 71 days, 14 hours, 18 minutes 33 seconds

2009 Bushfires in Victoria left 173 dead in the worst natural disaster in Australia's history.

2018 DNA analysis of Cheddar Man, UK's oldest complete skeleton shows he had dark skin and blue eyes

2018 All citrus fruit can be traced to the southeast foothills of the Himalayas, according to DNA study published in "Nature"

2019 Measles cases in Europe highest in a decade, tripling in a year to 82,596 according to WHO

2019 Measles outbreak declared in the Philippines with 1,813 cases and 26 deaths

2019 New kangaroo fossil research published from Riversleigh, Australia, show Kangaroos learned to hop 20 million years ago, much earlier than first thought

Born Today ;-

1102 Empress Matilda, daughter of Henry I, mother of Henry II, Princess of England and wife of Henry V of the Holy Roman Empire

1478 Sir Thomas More, English statesman, humanist, and author. Beheaded at the Tower of London.

1688 Maria Louise van Hessen-Kassel [Marijke Meu], Princess of Orange and ancestor of all currently reigning monarchs in Europe

1801 John Rylands was an entrepreneur and philanthropist. He was the owner of the largest textile manufacturing concern in the United Kingdom, and Manchester's first multi-millionaire

1812 – Charles Dickens, novelist and critic (Oliver Twist, Tale of 2 Cities), born in Portsmouth. Dickens was a regular patron at Ye Olde Cheshire Cheese pub in London. Dickens was involved in the Staplehurst rail crash (10 dead, 40 injured). The train's first seven carriages plunged off a cast iron bridge that was under repair. Dickens later used the experience of the crash as material for his short ghost story, "The Signal-Man", in which the central character has a premonition of his own death in a rail crash

1906 Oleg Antonov, Soviet aircraft designer

1908 Clarence "Buster" Crabbe, American swimmer (Olympic bronze medal for the 1,500 meters freestyle 1928 & gold for the 400 meters freestyle 1932) and actor (Tarzan the Fearless, Flash Gordon), born in Oakland, California

1922 – Hattie Jacques, actress (Carry on films, Hancock's Half Hour)

1923 – Dora Bryan [Broadhurst], actress and restaurateur (Taste of Honey), Born Southport

1933 John Anderton, Everton footballer, 0 appearances due to injuries born Skelmersdale

1937 – Peter Jay, English economist, journalist, and diplomat

1943 – Gareth Hunt, actor Upstairs, Downstairs , The New Avengers.

1945 – Gerald Davies, Legendary Welsh rugby player and journalist

1946 – Pete Postlethwaite, Prolific Tv, stage & screen actor, started his career at the Everyman Theatre in Liverpool, where his colleagues included Bill Nighy, Jonathan Pryce, Antony Sher, Matthew Kelly and Julie Walters.

1958 – Terry Marsh, English boxer and politician, with 26 wins & 1 draw was undefeated world champion in the light welterweight division. He was charged with the attempted murder of his former manager, the boxing promoter, Frank Warren following Warren's shooting in London in 1989. Marsh spent 10 months on remand before he was released after being acquitted at trial. Marsh changed his name by deed poll to "None Of The Above X" and stood in the 2010 and 2015 UK general elections as an independent candidate in protest against there being no option to vote for "none of the above"

1959 Sammy Lee, England & Liverpool footballer & coach, born Liverpool

1962 – Eddie Izzard, comedian, actor, and producer

Died Today ;-

1901 Benjamin Edward Woolf, violinist & composer, born London, Woolf worked on some 62 plays over his career & collaborated with Richard Darwin Ware on Westward Ho, a comic opera about an English aristocrat posing as a Wild West gunslinger and a town in Wyoming run by women

1938 Harvey Firestone, American manufacturer and founder of the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company

1979 – Josef Mengele, German SS officer and physician, drowns in Brazil

1985 Matt Monro [Terence Parsons], singer ("Softly As I Leave You"), dies from liver cancer at 54

1999 Hussein ibn Talal, King of Jordan

2019 Albert Finney, actor (The Dresser, Under the Volcano), dies at 82

2020 Li Wenliang, Chinese doctor who tried to raise the alarm over COVID-19, dies of COVID-19 in Wuhan at 34