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Originally Posted by Alikado
Dog Farting Awareness Day
International Romani Day
International Feng Shui Awareness Day
Zoo Lovers Day
217 Roman Emperor Caracalla is assassinated (and succeeded) by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.
1093 The new Winchester Cathedral is dedicated by bishop Walkelin
1740 – War of Jenkins' Ear: Three British ships capture the Spanish third-rate Princesa, taken into service as HMS Princess.
1766 1st fire escape patented, wicker basket on a pulley & chain
1781 Premiere of Mozart's violin sonata K379
1801 Soldiers riot in Bucharest, kill 128 Jews
1802 French Protestant church becomes state-supported & -controlled
1820 The famous ancient Greek statue, Venus de Milo is discovered on the Aegean island of Milos
1838 Steamship "Great Western" makes her maiden voyage from Bristol, to New York
1862 John D Lynde patents aerosol dispenser
1879 Milk sold in glass bottles for 1st time
1886 William Ewart Gladstone introduces the first Irish Home Rule Bill into the British House of Commons.
1908 H. H. Asquith succeeds Henry Campbell-Bannerman as Prime Minister
1912 Steamers collide on the Nile, drowning 200
1916 Norway approves active & passive female suffrage
1931 Dmitri Shostakovich's ballet "The Arrow" premieres
1933 Manchester Guardian warns of unknown Nazi terror
1935 Béla Bartok's 5th String quartet premieres in Washington, D.C.
1939 King Zog I of Albania flees
1940 German battle cruisers sink British aircraft carrier Glorious
1943 U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt, in an attempt to check inflation, freezes wages and prices, prohibits workers from changing jobs unless the war effort would be aided thereby, and bars rate increases to common carriers and public utilities.
1945 Nazi occupiers executed, Nazi general Christiansen flees Netherlands
1946 League of Nations assembles for last time
1953 Jomo Kenyatta convicted of involvement with the Mau Mau rebellion and sentenced to 7 years jail in Kenya
1959 – A team of computer manufacturers, users, and university people led by Grace Hopper meets to discuss the creation of a new programming language that would be called COBOL.
1961 British liner "Dara" explodes in Persian Gulf, kills 236
1967 121st Grand National: John Buckingham aboard rank 100/1 outsider Foinavon avoids famous carnage to win by 15 lengths from favourite Honey End
1967 12th Eurovision Song Contest: Sandie Shaw for United Kingdom wins singing "Puppet on a String" in Vienna
1972 126th Grand National: Graham Thorner aboard 14/1 bet Well To Do wins from 1970 winner Gay Trip; Black Secret & General Symons dead heat for 3rd
1972 Alvin Kallicharran scores 100* in his 1st Test Cricket innings v NZ
1973 Thirty-two terrorist bombings in Cyprus
1985 Amdahl releases UTS/V, 1st mainframe Unix
1986 Clint Eastwood elected mayor of Carmel, California. Makes his day.
1990 54th US Masters Tournament, Augusta National GC: Nick Faldo retains title with a par on the 2nd sudden-death playoff hole with Raymond Floyd
1990 Norwegian ferry Scandinavian Star catches fire; 159 people die
1992 After 151 years "Punch Magazine" publishes its final issue
1997 Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 4 Beta
1997: BBC TV newsman turns politician, Veteran war reporter Martin Bell vows to defeat disgraced Conservative MP Neil Hamilton in the battle for Tatton.
2000 153rd Grand National: Irish 10/1 shot Papillon, ridden by jockey Ruby Walsh and trained by his father Ted Walsh wins by 1¼ lengths from Mely Moss
2017 170th Grand National: Derek Fox wins aboard 14/1 One For Arthur; second ever Scottish-trained winner of the event
2019 600 million birds die each year in the US after striking tall buildings with Chicago the worst city, according to Cornell Lab of Ornithology
2019 14 tons of black market Pangolin scales from 36,000 animals discovered in Singapore, one of largest ever found worldwide
2019 Record 17ft (5.2M) invasive Burmese python pregnant with 73 eggs captured in Florida's Big Cypress National Preserve
2020 Saudi-backed coalition fighting Houthi fighters in Yemen calls for a ceasefire after five years to stop the spread of COVID-19
2020 World Trade organization predicts a drop in global trade greater than the 2008 financial crisis, between 13% and 32% for 2020
Born Today ;-
563 Gautama Buddha's birthday, the founder of Buddhism, is commonly celebrated on this day
1605 – Mary Stuart, English-Scottish princess was the third daughter and sixth child of James VI and I, the first king of a unified England, Scotland and Ireland, She developed pneumonia at 17 months
1889 – Adrian Boult, conductor many top orchestras. Born Chester
1892 – Mary Pickford (Gladys Louise Smith ), Canadianactress, producer, and screenwriter, co-founded United Artists
1918 Betty [Bloomer] Ford, US 1st lady (1974-77) and founder of the Betty Ford Center clinic, born in Chicago
1941 Dame Vivienne Westwood, Tintwistle Derbyshire, English fashion designer
1943 James Herbert, horror writer (The Rats), born in London
1963 Julian Lennon, singer (Too Late for Goodbyes) and son of John, born in Liverpool
Died Today ;-
1861 Elisha Otis, American founder of the Otis Elevator Company and inventor of a safety device that prevents elevators from falling if the hoisting cable fails, dies of diphtheria at 50
1950 – Vaslav Nijinsky, Legendary Ballet dancer and choreographer
1957 Frank Chester, cricketer (distinguished 1-armed Engl Test ump)
1969 Denton Cooley, heart transplant patient, recieved 1st fully artificial heart, dies at 48
1973 Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter (The Young Ladies of Avignon, Guernica), dies at 91
2010 Malcolm McLaren, British music manager and musician, dies of cancer at 64
2013 Margaret Thatcher, British Prime Minister (1979 - 1990) dies aged 87
Yom Hashoah
Holocaust Remembrance Day.
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Originally Posted by Hamble
Yom Hashoah
Holocaust Remembrance Day.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocaust_memorial_days
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Originally Posted by Alikado
Accepted-I forgot sorry.
Officially today in Israel though kept and respected by Jewish people throughout the world as well as the day in their own country.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-...-east-56677691
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9th April
International ASMR Day
1413 Henry V is crowned King of England.
1483 Edward V (aged 12) succeeds his father Edward IV as king of England. He is never crowned, and disappears presumed murdered, after incarceration in the Tower of London with his younger brother Richard (the "Princes in the Tower")
1731 British mariner Robert Jenkins' ear cut off by Spanish Guarde Costa in the Caribbean, later catalyst for war between Britain & Spain - The War of Jenkins Ear.
1784 – The Treaty of Paris, ratified by the United States Congress on January 14, 1784, is ratified by King George III of the Kingdom of Great Britain, ending the American Revolutionary War
1829 Danzig (Gdansk) dike break flood kills 1,200
1838 National Gallery re-opens in its new dedicated building in Trafalgar Square
1860 – On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice
1865 – American Civil War: Robert E. Lee surrenders the Army of Northern Virginia (26,765 troops) to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, effectively ending the war.
1880 British Open Men's Golf, Musselburgh Links: Scotsman Bob Ferguson wins first of 3 straight titles; beats Peter Paxton by 5 strokes
1894 1st performance of Anton Bruckner's 5th Symphony in B in Graz
1916 The Libau sets sail from Germany with a cargo of 20,000 rifles to assist Irish republicans; Captain Karl Spindler changes the name of the vessel to the Aud to avoid British detection
1917 Battle of Arras begins
1916 – The Battle of Verdun: German forces launch their third offensive of the battle.
1917 Vimy Ridge in France stormed by Canadian troops
1918 – The Battle of the Lys: The Portuguese Expeditionary Corps is crushed by the German forces during what is called the Spring Offensive on the Belgian region of Flanders.
1940 German cruiser Blucher torpedoed and capsizes in Oslofjord, 1,000 die
1940 – Operation Weserübung: Germany invades Denmark and Norway. Denmark surrenders after a six-hour battle
1940 – Vidkun Quisling seizes power in Norway.
1942 Battle of Bataan; US-Filipino forces overwhelmed by Japanese at Bataan, An Indian Ocean raid by Japan's 1st Air Fleet which sinks the British aircraft carrier HMS Hermes and the Australian destroyer HMAS Vampire.
1945 Battleship Admiral Scheer sunk by RAF bombing in Kiel
1945 Liberty ship at Bari Italy carrying aerial bombs explodes, kills 360
1948 Massacre at Deir Yassin over 100 Palestinians massacred by the Jewish paramilitary groups Irgun and Lehi. One day after the Deir Yassin massacre, Albert Einstein wrote a critical letter to the American Friends of Fighters for the Freedom of Israel (the U.S chapter of the Stern gang) refusing to assist them with aid or support to raise money for their cause in Palestine. On December 2, 1948, many prominent American Jews signed and published an op-ed article in The New York Times critical of Menachem Begin and the massacre.
1957 – The Suez Canal in Egypt is cleared and opens to shipping following the Suez Crisis.
1965 Beatles "Ticket to Ride" is released
1967 1st Boeing 737 (a 100 series) makes its maiden flight
1969 1st flight of Concorde 002 (Filton-Fairford)
1983 137th Grand National: Ben de Haan wins aboard 13/1 bet Corbiere; Jenny Pittman first female GN winning trainer
1989 53rd US Masters Tournament, Augusta National GC: Englishman Nick Faldo wins the first of his 3 Masters titles after a final round 65 (-7) and a birdie on the 2nd hole of a sudden-death playoff with Scott Hoch
1990 – Thirteen thousand members of the Dene and Métis tribes sign a land claim agreement for 180,000 square kilometres (69,000 sq mi) in the Mackenzie Valley of the western Arctic.[
1992 John Major elected Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after his Conservative Party wins the most votes in British electoral history
2002 Funeral of Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother at Westminster Abbey UK.
2005 – Charles, Prince of Wales marries Camilla Parker Bowles in a civil ceremony at Windsor's Guildhall.
2011 164th Grand National: Jason Maguire wins aboard Irish 14/1 shot Ballabriggs; first GN win for trainer Donald McCain Jr., son of 4-time winning trainer Ginger McCain
2019 Wolves have returned to the Netherlands after 140 years claim ecologists
Born Today ;-
1794 Theobald Boehm, German inventor of the modern flute, born in Munich
1806 Isambard Kingdom Brunel, British engineer (SS Great Britain, Great Western Railway), born in Portsmouth
1898 Paul Robeson, American singer (Old Man River), actor and civil rights activist, born in Princeton, New Jersey
1906 Hugh Gaitskell, British politician (Leader of the Labour Party), born in Kensington, London
1917 Vincent O'Brien, Irish racehorse trainer, born in Churchtown, County Cork
1920 Alexander Moulton, English engineer and bicycle designer (folding bicycle), born in Stratford-upon-Avon
1926 Hugh Hefner, American magazine publisher
1932 Cheetah [Cheeta, Cheta, Chita], chimpanzee actor (1930s Tarzan franchise),
1932 – Peter Moores, businessman and philanthropist, Son of Sir John.
1932 Carl Perkins, American singer and songwriter (Blue Suede Shoes), born in Jackson, Tennessee
1937 Valerie Singleton, broadcaster (Blue Peter), born in Hitchin, Hertfordshire
1941 Hannah Gordon, actress (Oh Alfie, Crossroads), born in Edinburgh
1954 Iain Duncan Smith, politician, Leader of the Conservative Party (2001-03), born in Edinburgh
1957 Seve Ballesteros, Spanish golfer (British Open 1979, 84, 88, US Masters 1980, 83), born in Pedreña, Spain
1958 – Nigel Slater, English food writer and author
1966 – John Hammond, English weather forecaster
1969 Karl Krikken, cricketer (Derbyshire 1989-, wicketkeeper), Now coach at Lancashire, born in Bolton, son of Brian Krikken (3 Lancs)
1971 Wang Yang, youngest Olympic record breaker at age 17 (Olympics 1988)
1974 – Jenna Jameson, American actress and pornographic performer
1975 Robbie Fowler, footballer (Liverpool& England ), is the seventh-highest goalscorer in the history of the Premier League, born in Toxteth
Died Today ;-
1283 – Margaret of Scotland, queen of Norway as the wife of King Eric II. She is sometimes known as the Maid of Scotland to distinguish her from her daughter, Margaret, Maid of Norway, who succeeded to the throne of Scotland.
1483 Edward IV, King of England (1461-70, 71-83), dies of unknown causes at 40
1484 Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales (b. 1473), son of Richard III King of England
1626 Francis Bacon, English statesman and philosopher, dies from pneumonia at 65
1747 – Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat, Scottish soldier and politician, Lovat was among the Highlanders defeated at the Battle of Culloden and convicted of treason beheaded at Tower of London
1917 Edward Thomas, poet, killed at Arras
1944 Evgeniya Rudneva, Russian World War II heroine she was the head navigator of the 46th Guards Night Bomber Regiment posthumously awarded Hero of the Soviet Union. Prior to World War II she was an astronomer, the head of the Solar Department of the Moscow branch of the Astronomical-Geodesical Society of the USSR
1945 Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German theologist/antifascist, hanged
1945 Hans Oster, German major general, spy and "July 20th plot", hanged at 57
1945 Hans von Dohnanyi, "July 20th plotter", hanged
1945 Wilhelm Canaris, Admiral/headed Germany Abwehr, hanged
1945 Georg Elser, German failed assassin of Hitler, dies at Dachau concentration camp at 42
1978 Clough Williams-Ellis, architect knownas the creator of the Italianate village of Portmeirion in North Wales the location for The Prisoner (1967–68) TV series, dies at 94, In 1958 Williams-Ellis was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire "for public services".[ He was made a Knight Bachelor in the New Years Honours List of 1972 "for services to the preservation of the environment and to architecture". At the time, he was the oldest person ever to be knighted. In accordance with his wishes, he was cremated, and his ashes went to make up a marine rocket, which was part of a New Year's Eve firework display over the estuary at Portmeirion some twenty years after his death.
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Siblings Day
World Homeopathy Day
837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles).
1516 1st Jewish ghetto established: Venice compels Jews to live in a specific area
1626 Thomas Johnson is known as “the father of British field botany”, he had established an apothecary business in central London and it was here, on 10th April 1633, that he put on sale a strange, new exotic fruit that came to be known as a banana. It is believed that his first consignment came from Bermuda.
1710 – The Statute of Anne, the first law regulating copyright, comes into force in Great Britain.
1815 Mount Tambora in the Dutch East Indies begins a three-month-long eruption, lasting until July 15. The eruption blew 150 cubic km into the atmosphere killing around 71,000 people, causing global volcanic winter. The effects were felt worldwide, 1816 was "the year without a summer". Crops failed across Asia and up to 90,000 people probably died of famine. It was the second-coldest year in the Northern Hemisphere since 1400 and parts of North America experienced frost and snow in June and July.
1816 Samuel Taylor Coleridge recites his poem "Kubla Khan" to fellow poet Lord Byron, who persuades him to publish it
1827 George Canning becomes British Prime Minister upon the resignation of Robert Jenkinson, lives to serve only 119 days
1845 More than 1,000 buildings damaged by fire in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
1849 Safety pin patented by Walter Hunt (NYC); sold rights for $400
1849 Safety pin patented by Walter Hunt (NYC); sold rights for $400
1858 – After the original Big Ben, a 14.5 tonnes (32,000 lb) bell for the Palace of Westminster, had cracked during testing, it is recast into the current 13.76 tonnes (30,300 lb) bell by Whitechapel Bell Foundry.
1868 1st performance of Johannes Brahms' "A German Requiem"
1896 Spyridon Louis of Greece wins inaugural Olympic marathon (2:58:50) in Athens; runs last lap accompanied by King Constantine I
1912 RMS Titanic sets sail from Southampton for her maiden (and final) voyage
1923 Adolf Hitler demands "hatred & more hatred" in Berlin
1932 Paul von Hindenburg is re-elected President of Germany in a runoff election against Adolf Hitler
1935 Vaughan Williams' 4th Symphony premieres in London
1938 NY makes syphilis test mandatory in order to get a marriage license
1939 Colijn's Dutch government opens camp Westerbork for German Jews
1940 Vidkun Quisling forms Norwegian "national government"
1943 12 Jewish patients of Herren Loo-Lozenoord escape nazis
1943 General Montgomery occupies Sfax, Tunisia
1944 Soviet forces liberate Odessa from Nazis
1945 Canadian troops conquer Deventer
1945 US troops land on Tsugen Shima Okinawa
1954 Wales beats Scotland, 15-3 at the St. Helen's Ground, Swansea to share Five Nations Rugby Championship with France and England; France's first title
1955 Ruth Ellis shoots jilting lover David Blakely (last woman to be executed in the UK)
1957 – The Suez Canal is reopened for all shipping after being closed for three months.
1963 USS Thresher, a nuclear powered submarine, sinks 220 miles east of Boston killing 129 men, including 17 civilians
1964 Iranian motor launch catches fire & sinks killing 113 (Persian Gulf)
1968 Ferry Wahine sinks in Wellington harbour, New Zealand on route from Lyttelton (51 killed)
1971 The Republican commemorations is held in Belfast of the Easter Rising (in 1916 in Dublin), revealing conflicts between the two wings of the Irish Republican Army
1972 7.0 earthquake kills 1/5 of population of Iranian province of Fars
1972 US, USSR & 70 other nations agree to ban biological weapons
1981 Imprisoned Provisional IRA hunger striker Bobby Sands elected to British Parliament for Northern Ireland county of Fermanagh and South Tyrone
1996 Fastest wind speed ever recorded (not a tornado) 408 km/h (220 kn; 253 mph; 113 m/s) during tropical cyclone Olivia on Barrow Island, Australia
1998 The Good Friday/Belfast Agreement for Northern Ireland is signed by the British and Irish governments
2005 At 16 years, 271 days James Vaughan scores for Everton in a 4-0 win against Crystal Palace at Goodison Park; becomes youngest goalscorer in EPL history
2012 Apple Inc claims a value of $600 billion making it the largest company by market capitalization in the world
2016 Explosions and a fire caused by firecrackers at Puttingal Temple in Kerala, India, kills more than 100 and injures nearly 400
2019 China announces move to cull more than 1 million pigs in effort to eliminate African swine fever
2019 New species of human announced named Homo luzonensis, 3ft tall, remains dated 50-60,000 years old found in cave on island of Luzon, Philippines
2019 New York declares a public health emergency and compulsory vaccinations after a measles outbreak in Brooklyn with 285 cases
Born Today ;-
1512 James V, King of Scotland (1513-42), born in Linlithgow Palace, Linlithgow
1829 William Booth, preacher and founder (Salvation Army), born in Sneinton, Nottingham
1916 Alfie Bass [Abraham Basalinsky], actor (Moonraker, Are You Being Served), born in London
1921 Chuck Connors, American author, actor (The Rifleman, Branded, Cowboy in Africa), professional basketball and baseball player, born in Brooklyn
1929 – Mike Hawthorn, race car driver became the United Kingdom's first Formula One World Champion driver in 1958, whereupon he announced his retirement, having been profoundly affected by the death of his teammate and friend Peter Collins two months earlier in the 1958 German Grand Prix. Hawthorn also won the 1955 24 Hours of Le Mans, but was haunted by his involvement in the disastrous crash, the worst disaster in motor racing history, a crash which killed 84 spectators and Mercedes driver Pierre Levegh. he died in a road accident three months after retiring; he was allegedly suffering from a terminal kidney problem at the time.
1932 Omar Sharif [Michel Dimitri Shalhoub], Egyptian actor (Doctor Zhivago, Lawrence of Arabia), born in Alexandria
1932 Adrian Henri, British poet and founder of poetry-rock group (Liverpool Scene), born in Birkenhead
1933 Poncie Ponce, actor (Kazuo Kim-Hawaiian Eye), born in Maui, Hawaii
1937 Stan Mellor MBE, English National Hunt jockey and trainer (first jumps jockey to ride 1,000 winners; Champion Jockey 1960-62), born in Manchester
1940 Gloria Hunniford [Mary Winifred Gloria Hunniford], British broadcaster and actress (Old Curiosity Shop), born in Portadown
1942 – Ian Callaghan, Liverpool & England footballer born in Toxteth most appearences for LFC , 1966 World Cup squad, He was booked only once in his career
1955 Lesley Garrett, English soprano singer, born in Thorne, Doncaster
1984 Zoe, 1st frozen-embryo child, born in Melbourne Australia
1987 – Hayley Westenra, New Zealand soprano and UNICEF ambassador, born in Christchurch, New Zealand
1992 – Sadio Mané, Liverpool & Senegalese footballer
1992 Daisy Ridley, English actress (Star Wars: the Force Awakens), born in London
Died Today ;-
879 Louis II the Stammerer, King of the West Franks
1585 Gregory XIII [Ugo Boncompagni], Italian pope (1572-85) who introduced the Gregorian (New Style) calendar in 1582, dies at 83
1601 Mark Alexander Boyd, Scottish poet (Sonnet of Venus and Cupid), dies at 39
1927 Ivo Bligh, British noble (8th Earl of Darnley) and cricketer (Lord Darnley England capt v Australia 1882-83), dies at 68
1954 Auguste Lumière, French photograph and movie pioneer, dies at 81
1962 Stuart Sutcliffe, bassist (Beatles), dies of brain hemorrhage at 21, left the Beatles to become an artist.
1966 Evelyn Waugh, British writer (Brideshead Revisited, Black Mischief), dies at 62, son of Alec Waugh & father of Journalist & writer Auberon Waugh
2003 Little Eva [Eva Boyd], American pop singer (Locomotion), dies of cervical cancer at 59
2014 – Sue Townsend, author and playwright (Aidrian Mole)
2015 Richie Benaud, Australian cricket captain, broadcaster (62 Tests, 248 wickets), dies of skin cancer at 84
2016 Howard Marks, drug dealer and author (Mr Nice), dies at 70
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11th April
International Louie Louie Day
World Parkinson's Day
1471 Wars of the Roses: King Edward IV of England siezes London from Henry VI
1689 William III & Mary II crowned as joint rulers of England, Scotland and Ireland
1727 – Premiere of Johann Sebastian Bach's St Matthew Passion BWV 244b at the St. Thomas Church, Leipzig
1750 Jack Slack retains Champion of England boxing title, beats Frenchman Jean Petit in 7 rounds in Harlston, England; acknowledged as first international prize fight
1814 Napoleon abdicates unconditionally; he is exiled to Elba
1881 River ferry "Princess Victoria" sinks in Thames River, Ontario, 180 die
1890 Ellis Island, New York, designated as an immigration station
1891 8-year old Jewish tailor's daughter disappears in Greece, rumor spreads that she was a Christian girl ritually killed by Jews
1896 Hungarian swimmer Alfréd Hajós beats Otto Herschmann of Austria by 0.6s to win the inaugural Olympic 100m freestyle final in 1:22.2 at the Athens Games; also takes out the 1,200m on the same day
1896 Irish tennis player John Boland, representing Great Britain wins both the men's singles and doubles finals at the Athens Olympics; Dionysios Kasdaglis of Greece loses both matches
1900 The first modern submarine designed and built by John Philip Holland is purchased by the U.S. Navy
1908 – SMS Blücher, the last armored cruiser to be built by the Imperial German Navy, launches.
1909 Establishment of Tel Aviv by Jewish settlers (named 1910)
1912 RMS Titanic leaves Queenstown, Ireland, for NY
1912 The UK Parliament introduce a Irish home rule bill, granting Ireland its own bicameral parliament and be required to send a representative to the British House of Commons; Protestants in Ulster resist
1933 Hermann Goering becomes Premier of Prussia
1941 Germany blitzes Coventry
1941 Jewish Weekly newspaper taken control by Nazis
1941 Nazi occupiers in Netherlands confiscate Jewish assets
1943 Frank Piasecki, Vertol founder, flies his 1st (single-rotor) craft
1944 RAF bombs census bureau in The Hague
1945 SS burns & shoots 1,100 at Gardelegen
1945 US captures Tsugen Shima
1945 Four soldiers in the Sixth Armored Division of the US Third Army liberate the Nazi concentration camp, Buchenwald
1945 US troops conquers Mulheim, Oberhausen, Bochum, Unna, Essen
1950 US B-29 bomber shot down over Latvia
1951 – The Stone of Scone, the stone upon which Scottish monarchs were traditionally crowned, is found on the site of the altar of Arbroath Abbey. It had been taken by Scottish nationalist students from its place in Westminster Abbey.
1957 Ryan X-13 Vertijet becomes 1st jet to take-off & land vertically
1961 Trial of Adolf Eichmann for war crimes in World War II begins in Jerusalem
1976 The Apple I computer, created by Steve Wozniak is released
1977 Ireland sets fishing zone at 50 mile
1981 – A massive riot in Brixton, south London results in almost 300 police injuries and 65 serious civilian injuries.
1983 In the first 'supergrass' trial in Northern Ireland, fourteen Ulster Volunteer Force members are jailed for a total of two hundred years
2000 South African cricket captain Hansie Cronje is sacked after admitting dishonesty following match-fixing allegations in India
2006 Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad announces that Iran has successfully enriched uranium
2012 2011 London riot looter is jailed for 11 years after starting a fire at a furniture retailer
2013 Two women are beheaded for sorcery in Bougainville, Papua New Guinea
2019 WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange is forcibly removed from the Ecuadorian embassy in London by police and arrested on failure to appear in court on US extradition charges
2019 EU leaders agree to a six-month extension to Brexit after UK parliament fails to reach any consensus
2019 Ex-Pope Benedict XVI claims Catholic sexual abuse caused in part by 1960s sexual revolution
2020 Brazil is the 1st country in the southern hemisphere to report more than 1,000 deaths from COVID-19, with 1,056 deaths and 19,638 cases
Born Today ;-
1755 – James Parkinson, English surgeon, geologist, and paleontologist (Parkinsons Disease) He is best known for his 1817 work An Essay on the Shaking Palsy,
1770 George Canning, British Prime Minister (Tory: 1827) and Foreign Secretary, was Prime Minister for the last 118 days of his life.
1819 – Charles Hallé, German-English pianist and conductor, Founded The Halle Orchestra and invented the Mechanical Page Turner
1899 Percy Lavon Julian, African American chemist who received 130 patents, pioneer in the chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants, born in Montgomery, Alabama
1908 – Dan Maskell, tennis player and sportscaster
1935 Richard Berry, African-American singer and musician (Louie Louie), born in Extension, Louisiana
1937 – Jill Gascoine, actress and author (The Gentle Touch)
1946 'Whispering' Bob Harris,radio & Tv presenter (The Old Grey Whistle Test, Time Out), born in Northampton
1960 – Jeremy Clarkson, journalist and television presenter (Top Gear), born in Doncaster
1966 – Lisa Stansfield, singer-songwriter and actress
1991 – Thiago Alcântara, Liverpool & Spain footballer, born in Italy son of 1994 world cup winner Iomar do Nascimento known as Mazinho and brother of Rafael Alcântara do Nascimento known as Rafinha who plays for PSG & Brazil, His mother, Valéria Alcântara, was a former Brazilian volleyball player. He is fluent in five languages: Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, German, and English.[
Died Today ;-
1240 Llywelyn ab Iorwerth the Great, monarch of Wales (1194-1240)
1890 Joseph Merrick, "The Elephant Man", dies of asphyxia at 27 his Skeleton on display in Royal London Hospital in a private room at the university can be viewed by medical students and professionals by appointment, to "allow medical students to view and understand the physical deformities resulting from Joseph Merrick's condition".
1996 Jessica Dubroff, American aviator (attempting to become the youngest person to fly a light utility aircraft across the United States), crashed aged 7
2000 Diana Magdalene Roloff known professionally as Diana Darvey, was a Cheadle born actress, singer and dancer, best known for her appearances on The Benny Hill Show.
2001 Harry Secombe, Welsh actor, comedian, singer and goon (The Goon Show, Oliver!), dies of cancer at 79
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12th April
International Day of Human Space Flight
International Day for Street Children
1385 Willem van Oostervant of Bavaria weds Philip the Bold's daughter Marguerite (10)
1606 England adopts the Union Flag, replaced in 1801 by current Union Flag the Union Jack
1831 – Soldiers marching on the Broughton Suspension Bridge over the river Irwell in Salford, cause it to collapse, twenty were injured, including six who suffered severe injuries
1872 Jesse James gang robs bank in Columbia, Kentucky (1 dead/$1,500)
1887 Henrik Ibsen's "Rosmersholm" premieres in Oslo
1892 George C Blickensderfer patents portable typewriter
1905 French Dufaux brothers test helicopter
1908 Fire makes 17,000 homeless in Chelsea, Massachusetts
1911 1st non-stop London-Paris flight (Pierre Prier in 3h56m)
1919 Parliament passes a 48-hour work week with minimum wages
1928 – The Bremen, a German Junkers W 33 type aircraft, takes off for the first successful transatlantic aeroplane flight from east to west.
1930 4th Test Cricket WI v England ends in a draw after nine days, the England team had to catch a boat home. Wilfred Rhodes ends Test Cricket career aged 52 years 165 days
1934 – The strongest surface wind gust in the world at the time of 231 mph, is measured on the summit of Mount Washington, New Hampshire. It has since been surpassed.
1935 First flight of the Bristol Blenheim
1937 Sir Frank Whittle ground-tests the first jet engine designed to power an aircraft at Rugby
1938 1st US law requiring medical tests for marriage licenses (NY)
1942 Japan kills about 400 Filipino officers in Bataan
1943 Allies conquer Soussa, North-Africa
1945 – The U.S. Ninth Army under General William H. Simpson crosses the Elbe River astride Magdeburg, and reached Tangermünde—only 50 miles from Berlin.
1945 Canadian troops liberate Nazi concentration camp Westerbork, Netherlands
1945 US President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies in office and Vice President Harry Truman is sworn in as 33rd US President
1954 Bill Haley and the Comets record "Rock Around Clock"
1954 Joe Turner releases "Shake, Rattle & Roll"
1955 Polio vaccine tested by Dr Jonas Salk announced to be 'safe and effective'
1961 Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin becomes the first person to orbit Earth (Vostok 1)
1966 1st B-52 bombing on North Vietnam
1975 Six Catholic civilians are killed in a Ulster Volunteer Force gun and grenade attack on Strand Bar in Belfast
1970 – Soviet submarine K-8, carrying four nuclear torpedoes, sinks in the Bay of Biscay four days after a fire on board.
1990 1st meeting of East German democratically elected parliament, acknowledges responsibility for the Holocaust and asks for forgiveness
1992 Euro Disney (Disneyland Paris) opens in Marne-la-Vallee, France
2012 Bodleian, Oxford University and Vatican libraries announce over 1.5 million pages of ancient texts will be made available across the internet
2014 – The Great Fire of Valparaíso ravages the Chilean city of Valparaíso, killing 16, displacing nearly 10,000, and destroying over 2,000 homes.
2014 The new drug, ABT-450, with a 90-95% success rate for treating Hepatitis C, is announced
2020 OPEC and other major oil companies agree to the largest-ever drop in production to stabilize world prices
Born Today ;-
1705 William Cookworthy, English chemist, born in Kingsbridge, Devon was the first person in Britain to discover how to make hard-paste porcelain, like that imported from China. He subsequently discovered china clay in Cornwall.
1869 Henri Désiré Landru, French sex murderer, born in Pariswas tried and found guilty of 11 murders. The police eventually concluded that Landru had met or been in romantic correspondence with 283 women during the First World War, including 72 who were never traced. His last date was with Mme Guilotine
1899 Chief Thundercloud [Victor Daniels], Cherokee actor (The Lone Ranger; Colt .45), born in Muskogee, Indian Territory
1925 – Oliver Postgate, English animator, puppeteer, and screenwriter, Pingwings, Pogles' Wood, Noggin the Nog, Ivor the Engine, Clangers and Bagpuss
1929 Elspet Gray, Lady Rix, Scottish actress (4 Weddings & a Funeral, Solo, Tenko), born in Inverness
1932 Tiny Tim [Herbert Khaury], American musician (Tiptoe Through The Tulips), born in Manhattan
1939 – Alan Ayckbourn, English director and playwright, has written and produced more than seventy full-length plays in Scarborough and London and was, between 1972 and 2009, the artistic director of the Stephen Joseph Theatre in Scarborough, where all but four of his plays have received their first performance. More than 40 have subsequently been produced in the West End, at the Royal National Theatre or by the Royal Shakespeare Company since his first hit Relatively Speaking opened at the Duke of York's Theatre in 1969.
1941 Bobby Moore, English football defender (108 caps; captain World Cup 1966; West Ham United), born in Barking
1942 Jacob Zuma, South African politician, President of South Africa (2009-), born in Nkandla
1947 – Tom Clancy, American historian and author (Rainbow Six, The Hunt for Red October), born in Baltimore
1948 – Jeremy Beadle, English television host and producer (Beadle's About)
1950 – David Cassidy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist, The Partridge Family
1979 Paul Nicholls, English actor (EastEnders), born in Bolton
1990 – Francesca Halsall, swimmer, Olympian, multi medal winner European & Commonwealth Games, multi record holder distances & Styles, Born Southport, and attended St Mary's College, Crosby married St Helens, England & GB rugby league star Jon Wilkin
Died Today ;-
1866 – Peter Hesketh-Fleetwood, English politician MP Preston, founded Fleetwood, He was descended (through his paternal grandmother) from the Fleetwood family who had owned the large Rossall estate in West Lancashire for over 200 years. Robert inherited the estate in 1819 on the death of his elder brother, On Robert's death in 1824, the estate passed to Peter, his elder brother Edward having predeceased him in 1820.[2] By that time the family's land extended from Heysham in the north, to North Meols, near Southport, in the south, and encompassed most of the Fylde. Hesketh-Fleetwood immersed himself in his development plans. Southport, a town he owned much of, was becoming a popular sea bathing resort, and Hesketh-Fleetwood organised the construction of a promenade. In the face of enormous debts Hesketh-Fleetwood sold his estates at Blackpool, Southport, Meols Hall, and Tulketh Hall.
1945 – Franklin D. Roosevelt 32nd US President (Democrat: 1933-1945), dies in office with the war almost won of a stroke at 63
1975 Josephine Baker, revue artist (Folies-Bergere), dies at 68
A symbol of the Jazz Age, Josephine Baker became a star of the theater in 1920s Paris. She first danced in Paris in 1925 before becoming a sensation the next year when she performed her now famous "Danse Sauvage" at the Folies Bergère cabaret hall wearing just a skirt of bananas. She was the first black woman to star in a major motion picture, the 1927 silent film Siren of the Tropics, directed by Mario Nalpas and Henri Étiévant. During WWII was a Spy & member of the Resistance for this she was awarded a number of honors by France including the French Legion by General Charles de Gaulle.
1981 Joe Louis, [Brown bomber], US heavyweight boxing champion (1937-49), dies of cardiac arrest at 66
1989 Sugar Ray Robinson, American boxer (world welterweight champion 1946-51; middleweight champion 1951-52, 55, 58), dies of Alzheimer's disease at 67
2019 Tommy Smith, Liverpool & England soccer defender (1 cap; Football League Div 1 1966, 73, 76, 77; FA Cup 1965, 74; European Cup 1977; Liverpool 467 games), In his later years, Smith had a hip replacement operation (both knees and an elbow were also made of plastic) and also began to suffer from arthritis to the extent that he could not work and often needed a wheelchair or walking stick and had to claim incapacity benefit. Smith had his benefit payments stopped for a short time after he managed to take a penalty on the Wembley pitch at half-time during the 1996 FA Cup Final between Liverpool and Manchester United; he stated that "I couldn't believe they would do that, I was getting money for charity. I only kicked the ball once." dies at 74 in Waterloo
2020 Peter Bonetti, England soccer goalkeeper (7 caps; World Cup 1966; Chelsea 600 games), dies at 78
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13th April
International Hummus Day
International Receptionists' Day
World Cocktail Day
World FM Day
International Be Kind To Lawyers Day
International FND Awareness Day
1637 Cardinal Richelieu of France reputedly creates the table knife
1643 Heavy earthquake strikes Santiago Chile; kills 1/3 of population
1648 Construction of the Red Fort at Delhi is completed.
1767 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's first opera "Apollo et Hyacinthus", written when he was 11 years old, premieres in Salzburg
1787 – Captain Arthur Phillip leaves Portsmouth, England, with eleven ships full of convicts (the "First Fleet") to establish a penal colony in Australia.
1884 Institute for Electrical & Electronics Engineers (IEEE) forms in New York
1912 Royal Flying Corps forms in Great Britain
1913 1st four-engined aircraft built and flown (Igor Sikorsky, Russia)
1917 1st appearance of Mary to 3 shepherd children in Fatima, Portugal
1927 "Black Friday" on Berlin Stock Exchange
1934 Great dustbowl storm sweeps across US prairies
1939 SS St Louis departs Hamburg with 937 Jewish fugitives
1940 British bomb factory at Breda, Netherlands
1940 Winston Churchill says "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat" in his first speech as Prime Minister to British House of Commons
1941 – World War II: Yugoslav royal colonel Dragoljub Mihailovic starts fighting against German occupation troops, beginning the Serbian resistance.
1943 German & Italian forces in Africa surrender
1943 German occupiers attempt to confiscate all radios in the Netherlands
1945 US troops conquer Dakeshi Okinawa
1946 Sarwate & Banerjee add 249 for 10th wkt for Indians v Surrey
1946 US sentences 58 camp guards of Mauthausen concentration camp to death
1949 1st British-produced jet bomber, the Canberra, makes its 1st test flight at Warton, production was at Samlesbury, was in service for over 50 years, could fly higher than any other aircraft and was the first jet to fly Non Stop transatlatic.
1950 Diner's Club issues its 1st credit cards
1950 First ever race of the Formula 1 World Drivers Championship is run at Silverstone, England and won by Giuseppe Farina of italy in an Alfa Romeo
1952 Jawaharlal Nehru becomes premier of India
1958 The trade mark Velcro is registered
1958 – Ben Carlin becomes the first (and only) person to circumnavigate the world by amphibious vehicle, having travelled over 17,000 kilometres (11,000 mi) by sea and 62,000 kilometres (39,000 mi) by land during a ten-year journey.
1981 Pope John Paul II is shot and critically wounded by Turkish gunman Mehemet Ali Agca in St Peter's Square,
1991 Apple releases Macintosh System 7.0
1995 – Alison Hargreaves, a 33-year-old British mother, becomes the first woman to conquer Everest without oxygen or the help of sherpas.
1998 Chelsea of England win 38th European Cup Winner's Cup against Stuttgart of Germany 1-0 in Stockholm
2000 In Enschede, the Netherlands, a fireworks factory explodes, killing 22 people, wounding 950, and resulting in approximately €450 million in damage
2006 FA Cup Final, Millennium Stadium, Cardiff (71,140): Liverpool beats West Ham United, 3-1 on penalties after 3–3 (a.e.t.); Reds 7th title
2007 At 16 years, 65 days Matthew Briggs debuts for Fulham in a 3-1 defeat at Middlesbrough; youngest player to appear in an English Premier League match
2017 22 year old UK blogger halts spread of global ransomware cyber-attack by accidentally identifying "kill switch"
2018 Liverpool's Egyptian soccer forward Mohamed Salah scores in a 4-0 win against Brighton to set the EPL goal scoring record (32) for a 38-game season
Born Today ;-
1842 Arthur Sullivan, English operatic composer (Pirates of Penzance, H.M.S Pinafore), born in London
1901 Witold Pilecki, Polish WWII resistance fighter (volunteered to go to Auschwitz, Witold's Report), born in Olonets, Russian Empire
1907 – Daphne du Maurier, English novelist and playwright (Rebecca, Parasites)
1914 Joe Louis, American world heavyweight boxing champion (1937-49), born in Lafayette, Alabama
1937 – Trevor Baylis, English inventor, invented the wind-up radio
1946 – Tim Pigott-Smith, English actor and author (Jewel in Crown, King Charles III), born in Rugby
1949 Zoe Wanamaker, American actress (Raggedy Rawney), born in NYC, New York
1947 David Hughes, Lancs cricketer, captain & coach
1950 – Stevie Wonder, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (You are the Sunshine of My Life), born in Saginaw, Michigan
1951 – Selina Scott, TV newscaster journalist, producer, and author
1956 – Richard Madeley, TV Presenter, journalist and author
1957 – Frances Barber, English actress
1963 – Andrea Leadsom, English politician
1977 Samantha Morton, English actress
1981 – Luciana Berger, English politician
1983 Yaya Touré, Ivorian footballer
1986 Robert Pattinson, English actor (Cedric Diggory-Harry Potter, Edward Cullen-Twilight), born in London
1993 – Romelu Lukaku, Belgian footballer
Died Today ;-
1914 R E ' Tip' Foster, only dual England captain at cricket & soccer, (287 on debut England v Aust SCG 1903)
1961 Gary Cooper, 2 time Acad award winning actor (High Noon), dies at 60
2019 Doris Day [Kappelhoff], American singer, animal welfare activist and actress known as the "girl next door" actress (Pillow Talk, The Man Who Knew Too Much), dies of pneumonia at 97
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14th April
International Day of Pink
International Moment of Laughter Day
1471 – In England, the Yorkists under Edward IV defeat the Lancastrians under the Earl of Warwick at the Battle of Barnet; the Earl is killed and Edward IV resumes the throne.
1831 Soldiers marching on Broughton Suspension bridge built in 1826 to span the River Irwell between Broughton and Pendleton, now in Salford, Greater Manchester, England. One of Europe's first suspension bridge collapsed, reportedly due to mechanical resonance induced by troops marching in step.[3] As a result of the incident, the British Army issued an order that troops should "break step" when crossing a bridge. Though rebuilt and strengthened, the bridge was subsequently propped with temporary piles whenever crowds were expected. In 1924 it was replaced by a Pratt truss footbridge, still in use.
1865 US President Abraham Lincoln is shot in the head by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theater in Washington
1865 U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward and his family are attacked in his home by Lewis Powell as part of the same conspiracy to assassinate Abraham Lincoln
1894 1st public showing of Thomas Edison's kinetoscope using ten Kinetoscopes, a device for peep-show viewing of films.
1895 1st performance of Gustav Mahler's (incomplete) 2nd Symphony
1903 Dr Harry Plotz discovers vaccine against typhoid
1912 RMS Titanic hits an iceberg at 11.40pm off Newfoundland
1927 The first Volvo car premieres in Gothenburg, Sweden
1932 Bizet, Massine & Mira's "Jeux d'Enfants" premieres in Monte Carlo
1935 Black Sunday: Severe sandstorm ravages the US Midwest, creating the "Dust Bowl"
1936 French singer Édith Piaf questioned after nightclub owner and her patron Louis Leplée murdered in Paris
1939 John Steinbeck novel "The Grapes of Wrath" published
1940 – Royal Marines land in Namsos, Norway in preparation for a larger force to arrive two days later.
1941 1st massive German raid in Paris, 3,600 Jews rounded up
1941 – German general Erwin Rommel attacks Tobruk.
1942 – Malta receives the George Cross for its gallantry. The George Cross was given by King George VI himself and is now an emblem on the Maltese national flag
1942 Destroyer Roper sinks German U-85 of US east coast
1943 A JN-25 decrypt by American intelligence detailing a forthcoming visit by Marshal Admiral Yamamoto to Balalae Island results in his plane shot down 4 days later
1944 1st Jews transported from Athens arrive at Auschwitz
1944 Freighter "Fort Stikene" explodes in Bombay India, killing 1,376
1945 American planes bomb Tokyo & damage the Imperial Palace
1945 US 7th Army & allies forces capture Nuremberg & Stuttgart
1945 – Razing of Friesoythe: The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada, captured it. During the fighting, the battalion's commander was killed by a German soldier, but it was incorrectly rumoured that he had been killed by a civilian. Under this mistaken belief, the division's commander, Major-General Christopher Vokes, ordered that the town be razed in retaliation and it was substantially destroyed. Twenty German civilians died in Friesoythe and the surrounding area during the two days of fighting and its aftermath. A few days earlier, the division had destroyed the centre of Sögel in another reprisal and also used the rubble to make the roads passable. Little official notice was taken of the incident and the Canadian Army official history glosses over it.
1956 Ampex Corp demonstrates 1st commercial videotape recorder
1958 Soviet spacecraft Sputnik 2 with space dog Laika aboard burns up during reentry into Earth's Atmosphere
1960 1st underwater launching of Polaris missile
1960 American record company Motown, founded by Berry Gordy Jr.
1972 The Provisional Irish Republican Army explodes twenty-four bombs in towns and cities across Northern Ireland
1973 Ireland edges France, 6-4 at Lansdowne Road, Dublin to create a 5-way tie for the Five Nations Rugby Championship; each nation wins their 2 home matches
1978 Korean Air Lines Boeing 707, fired on by Soviets, crashes in Russia
1986 – The heaviest hailstones ever recorded (1 kilogram (2.2 lb)) fall on the Gopalganj district of Bangladesh, killing 92.
1987 Turkey asks to join European market
1994 – In a U.S. friendly fire incident during Operation Provide Comfort in northern Iraq, two United States Air Force aircraft mistakenly shoot-down two United States Army helicopters, killing 26 people.
1999 NATO mistakenly bombs a convoy of ethnic Albanian refugees - Yugoslav officials say 75 people are killed.
1999 A severe hailstorm strikes Sydney, Australia causing A$1.7 billion in insured damages, the most costly natural disaster in Australian history.
2003 The Human Genome Project is completed with 99% of the human genome sequenced to an accuracy of 99.99%
2012 165th Grand National: Daryl Jacob wins aboard Neptune Collonges; beats Sunnyhillboy in a photo finish and the closest ever GN finish
2014 – Two hundred seventy-six schoolgirls are abducted by Boko Haram in Chibok, Nigeria.
2015 Archaeologists announce they have found at Lomekwi in Kenya 3.3 million-year old stone tools, the oldest ever discovered and which pre-date the earliest humans
2019 South Bend mayor Pete Buttigieg officially announces his presidential campaign in Indiana, first openly gay candidate to run for US president
2020 PM Narendra Modi extends India's COVID-19 lockdown until May 3
2020 Parts of Europe begin to ease lockdown restrictions after 5-6 weeks with some shops opening in Austria and parts of Italy
2020 IMF warns the global economy expected to contract by 3% in 2020 due to COVID-19 "Great Lockdown", steepest downturn since the Great Depression
2020 US President Donald Trump freezes funding for the World Health Organization pending a review, for mistakes in handling the COVID-19 pandemic and for being "China-centric"
Born Today ;-
1819 Charles Hallé, pianist, conductor and founder (Halle Orchestra), born in Hagen, Westphalia was also the inventor of a mechanical page-turner for pianists. The pages were preset in the device, and the player would turn each page by means of a foot-mechanism. "People would go to his concerts just to see the spectacle of leaf after leaf turning over, ghostlike, without the intervention of human hands." Was married to Madame Wilma Neruda, the distinguished violinist in her own right.
1857 – Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom, youngest child of Queen Victoria
1876 Cecil Chubb, English barrister, gifted Stonehenge to the British nation, born in Shrewton, Wilts
1904 – (Sir) John Gielgud, English actor, director, and producer (Arthur, Hamlet, Ages of Man), born in London
1906 Faisal, King of Saudi Arabia (1964-75), born in Riyadh, Emirate of Nejd and Hasa (d. 1975)
1917 – Valerie Hobson, ?Irish actress, wife of John Profumo
1929 – Gerry Anderson, English director, producer, and screenwriter Four Feather Falls, Fireball XL5, Supercar, Stingray, Thunderbirds, Captain Scarlet, UFO, Space: 1999, Terrahawks, Joe 90
1932 – Loretta Lynn, American singer-songwriter and musician
1932 Bob Grant [Robert St Clair Grant], British actor, comedian and writer (on the Buses), born in Hammersmith
1933 – Paddy Hopkirk, Northern Irish racing driver
1940 or 41 Julie Christie, British actress (Darling, Doctor Zhivago), born in Chukua, Assam, India
1944 – John Sergeant, English journalist, Tv & Radio broadcaster
1951 – Julian Lloyd Webber, English cellist, conductor, and educator younger brother of the composer Andrew Lloyd Webber.
1958 Peter Capaldi, Scottish actor (12th Doctor in Doctor Who, The Thick of It), born in Glasgow
1961 Robert Carlyle, British actor (Trainspotting, The Full Monty), born in Glasgow
1983 James McFadden, Everton & Scottish footballer, born in Springburn, Glasgow gained his first Scotland cap at the age of 19 against South Africa on a Far East tour, at the end of which a night out drinking caused him to miss his flight home
Died Today ;-
1759 George Frideric Handel, German-British baroque composer and organist (Messiah, Water Music), dies at 74
1985 Noele Gordon, actress (Crossroads) dies at 65
1988 John Stonehouse, politician is remembered for his unsuccessful attempt at faking his own death in 1974. More than twenty years after his death, it was publicly alleged that he had been an agent for the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic military intelligence but never prosecuted due to lack of evidence.
1999 Anthony Newley, actor and singer-songwriter (Doctor Dolittle; Goldfinger theme; Willy Wonka score), dies at 67
2000 Wilf Mannion, England footballer
2001 Jim Baxter, Scottish footballer
2015 – Percy Sledge, American singer (When A Man Loves A Woman)
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15yh April
Poila Boishakh (Bengali New Year)
Hillsborough Disaster Memorial
Universal Day of Culture
World Art Day
1250 Pope Innoncent III refuses Jews of Cordova, Spain, request to build a synagogue
1534 Thomas Cromwell is appointed Chief Secretary to King Henry VIII of England
1729 Johann Sebastian Bach's "St Matthew Passion" premieres in Leipzig
1738 Premiere in London of "Serse", an Italian opera by George Frideric Handel
1755 Samuel Johnson's "A Dictionary of the English Language" published
1776 Duchess of Kingston found guilty of bigamy
1793 Bank of England issues first £5 note
1802 William Wordsworth and his sister Dorothy see a "long belt" of daffodils, inspiring the former to pen "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud".
1865 Abraham Lincoln is shot by actor John Wilkes Booth attending the play "Our American Cousin" at Ford's Theatre in Washington
1874 First 'Impressionist' exhibition opens in Paris, features Claude Monet, Edgar Degas, Pierre Auguste Renoir, Camille Pissarro and Berthe Morisot
1896 I Summer Olympic Games close in Athens, Greece; USA wins gold medal count, 11; Greece wins total medal count, 46
1912 RMS Titanic sinks at 2:27 AM off Newfoundland as the band plays on, with the loss of between 1,490 and 1,635 people
1921 Black Friday in Britain: leaders of transport and rail unions announce a decision not to call for strike action in support of the miners; despite widespread feeling decision a breach of solidarity and a betrayal of the miners
1923 Insulin becomes generally available for diabetics
1936 – First day of the Arab revolt in Mandatory Palestine.
1940 British troops land at Narvik, Norway
1941 – In the Belfast Blitz, two-hundred bombers of the German Luftwaffe attack Belfast, killing around one thousand people.
1942 George VI awards George Cross to people of Malta
1945 British Army liberates Nazi concentration camp Bergen-Belsen
1945 US troops liberates Colditz
1952 The maiden flight of the B-52 Stratofortress prototype
1955 – McDonald's restaurant dates its founding to the opening of a franchised restaurant by Ray Kroc, in Des Plaines, Illinois.
1986 Viv Richards century off 56 balls v England on home ground, Antigua
1989 – Hillsborough disaster: A human crush occurs at Hillsborough Stadium, home of Sheffield Wednesday, in the FA Cup Semi-final, resulting in the deaths of 96 Liverpool fans.
1997 Fire sweeps through a campsite of Muslims making the Hajj pilgrimage; the official death toll is 343.
2010 Volcanic ash from the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland leads to the closure of airspace over most of Europe.
2019 Measles cases jump 300% in first three months of 2019, according to World Health Organization, largest rise in Africa (700%) with 800 deaths in Madagascar
2019 Paris cathedral Notre Dame catches fire, toppling its spire and destroying its roof
Born Today ;-
1367 – Henry IV of England
1452 – Leonardo da Vinci, Italian painter, sculptor, inventor and architect
1469 Guru Nanak, Founder of the religion of Sikhism and the 1st Sikh Guru, born in Rai-Bhoi-Di-Talwandi, Punjab, Pakistan
1845 Dave Gregory, Australian cricketer (Australia's 1st Test captain), born in Fairy Meadow, New South Wales
1890 – Percy Shaw, Halifax road contractor, invented the cat's eye
1894 Nikita Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1953-64), born in Kalinovka, Russia, 7th Premier of the Soviet Union
1901 – Joe Davis, snooker player (World Champion 1927-40, 1946), born in Whitwell, Derbyshire
1912 Kim Il-sung, Founder, dictator and Supreme Leader of North-Korea (1948-94), born in Mangyongdae, Japanese Korea
1939 – Marty Wilde, English singer-songwriter and actor, father of rocker Kim Wilde
1940 – Jeffrey Archer, English author, playwright, and politician
1955 Dodi Fayed, Egyptian businessman who died in a car crash in Paris with Princess Diana, born in Alexandria, Egypt
1959 – Emma Thompson, English actress, comedian, author, activist and screenwriter
1966 – Samantha Fox, Model, singer-songwriter and actress, Page 3 Girl
1990 Emma Watson, English actress (Hermione Granger-Harry Potter Series), born in Paris
1997 Maisie Williams, English actress (Game of Thrones), born in Bristol
Died Today ;-
1053 Godwin, Earl of Wessex
1865 Abraham Lincoln, 16th American President, dies from gunshot wounds at 56
1912 Edward Smith, captain of the RMS Titanic, dies when the ship sinks in the Atlantic Ocean aged 62
Jack Phillips, telegraphist
Wallace Hartley, violinist and bandleader from Colne
James Paul Moody, Sixth Officer
William McMaster Murdoch
Henry Tingle Wilde, English chief officer
Thomas Andrews, Irish shipbuilder
1980 – Jean-Paul Sartre, French philosopher and author, Nobel Prize
1982 Arthur Lowe, British actor (Dad's Army, Kind Hearts and Coronets, The Ruling Class), dies following a stroke at 66
1984 Tommy Cooper, British comedian and magician, collapses and dies on stage at 61
1988 Kenneth Williams, British actor (Hancock's Half Hour, Carry On films), dies of an overdose at 61
1990 Greta Garbo, Swedish actress (Anna Karenina, Camille), dies at 84
1993 George Frederick Ives, British Canadan army veteren, last survivor of the Boer War, dies at 111
1993 Leslie Charteris, British mystery writer (Saint), dies at 85
1994 John Curry OBE, British figure skater (Olympic gold, World C'ship gold, European C'ship gold 1976), dies from AIDS at 44
1998 Pol Pot, Cambodian dictator (1976-79) and revolutionary who led the Khmer Rouge (1963-97), dies at 72
2009 Clement Freud, German born writer, broadcaster and former liberal MP, dies at 84
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16th April
World Voice Day
1705 Queen Anne of England knights Isaac Newton at Trinity College, Cambridge
1746 Jacobite Rising 1745: Battle of Culloden, the last battle on British soil: Royalist troops under the Duke of Cumberland defeat the Jacobite army of Charles Edward Stuart. After the battle many highland traditions were banned and the Highlands of Scotland were cleared of inhabitants.
1797 Spithead Mutiny begins: British Royal Navy sailors protest over living and working conditions and pay at Portsmouth
1854 Steamer "Long Beach" sinks off Long Beach NY, 311 die
1871 German Empire ends all anti-Jewish civil restrictions
1912 Harriet Quimby became the first woman to fly across the English Channel.
1918 The House of Commons passes a new Military Service Bill, taking men up to 55 years old and extending to Ireland
1922 Annie Oakley sets women's record by breaking 100 clay targets in a row
1943 – Albert Hofmann accidentally discovers the hallucinogenic effects of the research drug LSD. He intentionally takes the drug three days later on April 19.
1943 40 NZ bombers attack Haarlem, Netherlands (85 killed)
1944 – Allied forces start bombing Belgrade, killing about 1,100 people. This bombing fell on the Orthodox Christian Easter.
1945 Dutch town of Arnhem, site of failed Operation Market Garden, is freed by British and Canadian forces
1945 German troops in Groningen surrender
1945 – The Red Army begins the final assault on German forces around Berlin, with nearly one million troops fighting in the Battle of the Seelow Heights.
1945 US troops enter Nuremberg
1945 – More than 7,000 die when the German refugee ship Goya is sunk by a Soviet submarine.
1945 US troops land on He Shima, Okinawa
1945 Colditz Castle, the high-security prisoner of war camp in Germany, is liberated by American troops
1946 NSB mayor of Rotterdam, Netherlands, FE Muller sentence to 100 years in jail
1947 Texas City, Texas, the French ship Grandcamp, carrying ammonium nitrate fertilizer, caught fire and blew up, devastating the town. Another ship, the Highflyer, exploded the following day. The explosions and resulting fires killed more than 500 people and left 200 others missing.
1948 Organization for European Economic Cooperation (EEC) forms in Paris
1951 Submarine HMS Affray sank in English Channel, killing 75
1953 British royal yacht Britannia launched by Queen Elizabeth II
1956 1st solar powered radios go on sale
1962 Bob Dylan debuted his song "Blowin' in the Wind" at Gerde's Folk City in New York.
1964 9 men sentenced 25-30 years for Britain's 1963 "Great Train Robbery"
1987 Conservative MP Harvey Proctor appears at Bow Street Magistrates' Court in London charged with three acts of gross indecency with one male and one act of gross indecency with another - both teenagers. Lurid allegations surrounding Mr Proctor's sex life surfaced the previous September when allegations appeared in a Sunday newspaper claiming he had organised gay spanking sessions with boys in his London flat.
1996 Prince Andrew and his wife, Sarah, the Duchess of York, announced they were getting a divorce.
2004 The super liner Queen Mary 2 embarks on her first Transatlantic crossing, linking the golden age of ocean travel to the modern age of ocean travel.
2007 Virginia Tech massacre: The deadliest mass shooting in modern American history. The gunman, Seung-Hui Cho, kills 32 people and injures 23 others before committing suicide.
2014 South Korean ferry MV Sewol sinks on route Incheon to Jeju, 304 drown, mostly students. National controversy erupts over rescue efforts and actions of crew and owner.
Born Today ;-
1800 George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan, British army officer (Charge of the Light Brigade)
1867 Wilbur Wright, American aviator
1878 – R. E. 'Tip' Foster, England cricketer and footballer was only man to have captained England at both sports, (287 on debut England v Aust SCG 1903), one of seven brothers who played for Worcestershire, 4 other close relatives also played.
1889 – Charlie Chaplin, English actor, director, producer, screenwriter, and composer
1911 Guy Burgess, English-born Soviet spy, born in Devonport
1918 Spike Milligan, actor and comedian (The Goon Show, 3 Musketeers), born in Ahmednagar, India
1921 – Peter Ustinov, English actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1922 – Kingsley Amis, English novelist, poet, and critic
1924 – John Harvey-Jones, academic and businessman, Chairman of ICI, - 'The Troubleshooter'
1924 Henry Mancini, American composer and conductor (Pink Panther), born in Cleveland, Ohio
1927 Pope Benedict XVI [Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger], Catholic Pope (2005-2013), born in Marktl, Bavaria
1933 – Joan Bakewell, English journalist and author, born in Stockport
1939 Dusty Springfield [Mary O'Brien], English vocalist (Growing Pains), born in London
1942 – Sir Frank Williams, English businessman, founded the Williams F1 Racing Team
1943 Ruth Madoc, British singer and actress (Hi Di Hi), born in Norwich
1947 – Gerry Rafferty, Scottish singer-songwriter
1963 – Jimmy Osmond, American singer (The Osmonds)
1963 Nick Berry, English actor (Heartbeat, EastEnders), born in Woodford, Essex
1971 Max Beesley, English musician and actor, born in Burnage,Manchester
1984 – Claire Foy, actress, born in Stockport
1987 – Aaron Lennon, Everton, Burnley & England footballer
Died Today ;-
1850 Marie Tussaud, French founder of Madame Tussaud's wax museum, dies at 88
1879 Saint Bernadette Soubirous (allegedly saw Virgin Mary at Lourdes), dies in Nevers France
1938 Bertram Wagstaff Mills, circus proprietor
1947 Rudolf Höss, German commandant of the Auschwitz concentration camp, hanged at Oswiecim (Auschwitz)
1958 Rosalind Franklin, English chemist and co-discoverer of the structure of DNA, dies of ovarian cancer at 37
1965 – Sydney Chaplin, English actor, comedian, brother / manager of Charlie Chaplin
1995 Arthur English, British comedian and actor (Malachi's Cove, Are You Being Served?), dies of complications from emphysema at 75
1998 Fred Davis, English 8-time World Snooker Champion (1948-49, 51), dies at 84
2002 – Billy Ayre, footballer and former Southport manager, died Ormskirk
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17th April
Bat Appreciation Day
World Hemophilia Day
International Ford Mustang Day
International Haiku Poetry Day
World Circus Day
1397 Geoffrey Chaucer tells the "Canterbury Tales" for the first time at the court of English King Richard II
1534 Sir Thomas More confined in the Tower of London
1860 The first “World Championship” boxing match took place at Farnborough in an open field between 25-year-old John Carmel Heenan, the all-American champion, and England’s “Titch” Sayers, 34, Weighing 149lb, Sayers was just 5ft 8in tall, while 6ft 2in Heenan tipped the scales at 195lb. This was a bare-knuckle fight, which was illegal. But that didn’t stop a huge crowd gathering at the field just outside the village of Farnborough in Hampshire, many of the spectators having arrived by special trains from London. They were said to include the writers Charles Dickens and William Thackeray as well as the Prime Minister, Henry John Temple, and even the 18-year-old Prince of Wales, destined to become King Edward VII.The contest began at precisely 7.29am and the two men fought on for an astonishing and brutal two hours and 27 minutes. Battered and bloodied, they were preparing to come out for the 43rd round when police stormed the ring and brought proceedings to an end, with the crowd – and the pugilists – fleeing to escape arrest. The fight was declared a draw and the men were each paid £200 for their pains. Neither fought again and both died while still in their thirties.
1930 DuPont scientist Elmer K. Bolton invents neoprene using Julius Nieuwland's divinyl acetylene
1942 12 Lancasters bomb MAN factory in Augsburg
1942 Operations begin to destroy Sobibor Concentration Camp
1942 POW French General Henri Giraud escapes from his castle prison in Festung Königstein
1945 8th Air Force bombs Dresden
1945 German occupiers flood Wieringermeer, Netherlands
1945 Benito Mussolini flees from Salò to Milan
1945 US troops land in central Mindanao, Philippines during Battle of Mindanao
1949 – At midnight 26 Irish counties officially leave the British Commonwealth. A 21-gun salute on O'Connell Bridge, Dublin, ushers in the Republic of Ireland.
1951 – The Peak District becomes the United Kingdom's first National Park.
1956 Premium Savings Bonds introduced in Great Britain
1956 Willie Mosconi sinks 150 consecutive balls in a billiard tournament
1961 1,400 Cuban exiles financed and trained by the CIA land in Bay of Pigs in a doomed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro
1964 Ford Mustang formally introduced ($2,368 base)
1964 Jerrie Mock becomes 1st woman to fly solo around the world
1969 Sirhan Sirhan is convicted of assassinating US Senator Robert F. Kennedy
1969 People's Democracy activist Bernadette Devlin becomes the youngest woman Member of Parliament ever elected to Westminster at 21 years old
1984 During Libyan Embassy demonstration in London, police officer Yvonne Fletcher shot dead
1991 Dow Jones closes above 3,000 for 1st time
1997 John Bell aged 115 receives a new pacemaker
2002 Four Canadian Forces soldiers are killed in Afghanistan by friendly fire from two United States Air Force F-16s, the first deaths in a combat zone for Canada since the Korean War
Born Today ;-
1837 – J. P. Morgan, American banker and financier, founded J.P. Morgan & Co
1929 – James (Hans) Last, Germanborn bassist, composer, and bandleader
1937 Daffy Duck, Warner Bros. cartoon character created by Tex Avery and Bob Clampett (Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series), first debuts in "Porky's Duck Hunt"
1940 Billy Fury [Ronald Wycherley], English singer (When Will You Say I Love You), born in Liverpool
1940 – John McCririck, journalist & racing pundit
1946 – Clare Francis, sailor and author
1957 – Nick Hornby, novelist, essayist, lyricist, and screenwriter
1959 – Sean Bean, actor
1972 Claire Sweeney, English actress (Brookside), born in Walton, Liverpool
1972 – Muttiah Muralitharan, Lancashire & Sri Lankan cricketer
1974 Victoria Beckham [Adams], singer (Posh Spice in the Spice Girls), born in Harlow, Essex
Died Today ;-
1790 Benjamin Franklin, US Founding Father, inventor, ambassador and writer (Poor Richards Almanac), dies at 84
1882 – George Jennings, English engineer and plumber, invented the Flush toilet
1946 John 'Jack' Iddon, Lancashire & England cricketer (car accident), born Mawdesley
1960 – Eddie Cochran, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1998 Linda McCartney, American-born photographer and wife of Paul McCartney, dies of breast cancer at 56
2003 – Robert Atkins, American physician and cardiologist, created the Atkins diet
2003 John Paul Getty Jr., American-born British oil magnate and billionaire (Getty Oil), dies of a chest infection at 70
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18th April
International Day For Monuments and Sites
International Amateur Radio Day
796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The patrician Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days.
1775 Paul Revere and William Dawes ride from Charlestown to Lexington warning the "regulars are coming!"
1783 – Three-Fifths Compromise: the first instance of black slaves in the United States of America being counted as three fifths of persons (for the purpose of taxation), in a resolution of the Congress of the Confederation. This was later adopted in the 1787 Constitution.
1809 First run of 2,000 guineas horse race at Newmarket
1881 Natural History Museum opens in South Kensington
1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire kills nearly 4,000 while destroying 75% of the city
1912 Cunard liner RMS Carpathia brings 705 survivors from the RMS Titanic to New York
1915 French pilot Roland Garros is shot down and glides to a landing on the German side of the lines during World War I.
1924 1st crossword puzzle book published by Simon & Schuster
1930 BBC news announcer announces "there is no news" at 20:45 news bulletin, plays music instead
1945 – Over 1,000 bombers attack the small island of Heligoland
1946 League of Nations dissolves
1948 International Court of Justice opens at The Hague
1949 Republic of Ireland withdraws from British Commonwealth
1951 France, West Germany & Benelux form European Steel & Coal Community
1968 London Bridge is sold to US oil company (to be erected in Arizona)
2019 Irish Journalist Lyra McKee shot to death covering riots in Derry, Northern Ireland with dissident republican group the New IRA claiming responsibility
Born Today ;-
1480 Lucrezia Borgia, Italian noblewoman, the illegitimate daughter of Pope Alexander VI, born in Subiaco, Lazio, Italy. The family's dreadful reputation rubbed off on Lucrezia who was depicted as a femme fatale — a seductive woman who poisoned people that she could not manipulate, attended orgies and committed incest with both her brother Cesare and her father. When she was just eleven years old her father gave her in marriage to 27-year-old Giovanni Sforza, Lord of Pesaro. But her standing still suffers from rumours of incest, the birth of that mysterious baby, the murder of her second husband and her attendance at the Banquet of Chestnuts – an orgy hosted by Cesare involving 50 prostitutes and a large number of clergy.
1946 – Hayley Mills, actress
1971 David Tennant [McDonald], Scottish actor (Doctor Who, Broadchurch), born in Bathgate, Scotland
1979 Kourtney Kardashian, American reality television star, born in Los Angeles
1995 – Divock Origi, Liverpool & Belgian footballer, youngest goalscorer in Belgian World Cup history
Died Today ;-
796 – Æthelred I, king of Northumbria
1689 – George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys, Welsh judge and politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain, also known as "the Hanging Judge"
1949 Will Hay [William Thomson Hay], comedian, actor and amateur astronomer, dies from a stroke at 60
1955 Albert Einstein, German-born theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate (theory of relativity), dies of an abdominal aortic aneurysm at 76
2002 Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian anthropologist and explorer (Kon Tiki, Aku-Aku), dies of a brain tumor at 87
2018 – Dale Winton, British television presenter
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19th April
Bicycle Day
1770 – Marie Antoinette marries Louis XVI of France in a proxy wedding
1770 British explorer Captain James Cook first sights Australia
1775 Paul Revere, William Dawes and Samuel Prescott are captured by British troops riding from Lexington to Concord, Prescott escapes to warn Concord
1903 – The Kishinev pogrom in Kishinev (Bessarabia) begins, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Palestine and the Western world.
1904 Much of Toronto destroyed by fire
1909 Joan of Arc receives beatification by the Roman Catholic Church
1927 Actress Mae West found guilty of “obscenity and corrupting the morals of youth” in a New York stage play entitled "Sex". She is sentenced to 10 days in prison and fined $500, the resulting publicity launches her Hollywood career.
1932 Bonnie Parker is captured in a failed hardware store burglary, and subsequently jailed. A grand jury fails to indict her, however, and she is released a few months later
1936 First day of the Great Uprising in Palestine, anti-Jewish riots break out
1943 Jews refuse to surrender the Warsaw Ghetto to SS officer Jürgen Stroop, who then orders its destruction, beginning the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
1943 Swiss chemist Dr. Albert Hofmann deliberately takes LSD for the first time, three days after having discovered its effects
1948 Chiang Kai-shek elected President of Nationalist China
1956 – Actress Grace Kelly marries Prince Rainier of Monaco.
1962 NASA civilian pilot Joseph A Walker takes X-15 to 46,900m -over 150,000 feet
1963 Johnny Cash releases his single "Ring Of Fire" written by his future wife June Carter and Merle Kilgore
1971 Charles Manson sentenced to death, later commuted to life in prison for the murder of Sharon Tate
1980 25th Eurovision Song Contest: Johnny Logan for Ireland wins singing "What's Another Year"
2005 Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger elected Pope Benedict XVI
2015 Boat carrying approx. 850 migrants is shipwrecked in the Mediterranean between Italian and Libya, with only 27 migrants rescued.
Born Today ;-
1873 – Sydney Barnes, Enigmatic Warwickshire, Lancashire & England cricketer and probably England's greatest bowler, born in Smethwick
1903 Eliot Ness, US Federal agent "The Untouchables" (put away Al Capone), born in Chicago
1922 Erich Hartmann, German WW II pilot (downed 352 Russian aircrafts), born in Weissach, Württemberg, Weimar Republic
1933 Jayne Mansfield [Vera Jane Palmer], American actress (The Girl Can't Help It), born in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania
1933 – Harold 'Dickie' Bird, cricketer and umpire
1935 Dudley Moore, English actor and comedian (10, Arthur, Bedazzled), born in London
1937 – Antonio Carluccio, Italian-English chef and author
1939 Ali Khamenei [Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Hosseini Khamenei], 2nd Supreme Leader of Iran (1989-) and the 3rd President of Iran (1981-89), born in Mashhad, Khorasan, Iran
1941 Michel Roux, French chef and restaurateur (opened Le Gavroche, 1st three Michelin starred restaurant in Britain), born in Charolles, Saône-et-Loire, Vichy France
1942 Alan Price, English rock keyboardist (Animals-House of the Rising Sun), born in Fatfield, Washington, Co Durham
1944 Margo MacDonald, Scottish national broadcaster and SNP Leader (MP for Glasgow Govan 1973-74), born in Hamilton, Lanarkshire
1953 Ruby Wax, actress (Girls on Top), born in Evanston, Illinois
1954 – Trevor Francis, English footballer and manager, the first £1m footballer, born in Plymouth
1956 – Sue Barker, English tennis player and journalist, Tv host, born in Paignton
1970 – Kelly Holmes, Multi Olympic , World, European & Commonwealth medal winning runner. Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire
1987 – Joe Hart, England footballer
Died Today ;-
1390 King Robert II of Scotland, first monach of the House of Stewart (1371-90), dies at 74
1733 Elizabeth Villiers Countess of Orkney, mistress of William III of England
1824 Lord Byron [George Gordon Byron], British romantic poet (Childe Harold's Pilgrimage) , dies at 36
1881 Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, British Prime Minister (Tory: 1868, 1874-80) and writer, dies of bronchitis at 76
1882 Charles Darwin, English naturalist (Origin of the Species) who conceived the theory of evolution by natural selection, dies of heart failure at 73
1906 Pierre Curie, French physicist (Nobel 1903) and husband of Marie Curie, dies in a cart accident at 46
1956 Lionel K P "Buster" Crabb, British diver (WWII), dies at 47
1989 Daphne Du Maurier, English writer (Rebecca, Jamaica Inn), dies at 82
1992 Frankie Howerd, actor (Carry on Doctor, Up the Front), dies at 70
1996 1996 Norman Oldfield, Lancashire, Northants & England cricketer (scored 99 runs in Test for England days before WWII broke out), dies at 84, English cricketer (scored 99 runs in Test for England),
2004 Norris McWhirter, Scottish co-founder of the Guinness Book of Records
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20th April
420 (cannabis culture)
UN Chinese Language Day
1505 Jews are expelled from Orange Burgandy by Philibert of Luxembourg
1611 First known performance of Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth at the Globe Theatre
1657 – Freedom of religion is granted to the Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City)
1770 Captain James Cook arrives in New South Wales
1862 First pasteurization test completed by Frenchmen Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard
1879 1st mobile home (horse drawn) used in a journey from London & Cyprus
1902 Marie and Pierre Curie isolate the radioactive compound radium chloride
1918 Manfred von Richthofen, aka The Red Baron, shoots down his 79th and 80th victims marking his final victories before his death the following day
1919 Polish Army captures Vilno, Lithuania from Soviet Army
1920 Balfour Declaration recognized, makes Palestine a British Mandate
1931 House of Commons agrees for sports play on Sunday
1941 100 German bombers attack Athens
1945 Soviet artillery begins shelling Berlin
1945 – U.S. troops capture Leipzig, Germany, only to later cede the city to the Soviet Union.
1945 – Führerbunker: Adolf Hitler makes his last trip to the surface to award Iron Crosses to boy soldiers of the Hitler Youth.
1945 – Twenty Jewish children used in medical experiments at Neuengamme are killed in the basement of the Bullenhuser Damm school.
1961 – Cold War: Failure of the Bay of Pigs Invasion of US-backed Cuban exiles against Cuba.
1962 NASA civilian pilot Neil Armstrong takes X-15 to 63,250 m 207,500'
1968 Politician Enoch Powell makes his controversial "Rivers of Blood" speech
1969 Bombs planted by Loyalists members of the Ulster Volunteer Force and the Ulster Protestant Volunteers explode at Silent Valley reservoir in County Down and at an electricity pylon at Kilmore, County Armagh
1970 74th Boston Marathon: Englishman Ron Hill wins in 2:10:30 (US record)
1974 'The Troubles', the Northern Ireland conflict between republican and loyalist paramilitaries, British security forces, and civil rights groups, claims its 1000th victim
1982 The Provisional Irish Republican Army explode bombs in Belfast, Derry, Armagh, Ballymena, Bessbrook and Magherafelt; 2 civilians are killed and 12 injured
2018 Arsène Wenger announces he will leave London EPL club Arsenal after 22 years
Born Today ;-
1889 Adolf Hitler, Austrian-born German dictator and Führer of Nazi Germany (1936-45), born in Gasthof zum Pommer, Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary
1924 Leslie Phillips, British actor (Carry On; sorting hat- Harry Potter series), born in Tottenham
1938 – Peter Snow, Tv Newscaster, Presenter, historian and journalist
1941 – Ryan O'Neal, American actor
1949 – Jessica Lange, American actress
1951 – Louise Jameson, actress - EastEnders, Doctor Who, Bergerac, and Tenko.
1951 – Luther Vandross, American singer-songwriter and producer
1957 Graeme Fowler, English cricketer (England left-handed opener early 80s), born in Accrington, First Englishman to score a double Centuary in India and he was never picked again.
1961 – Nicholas Lyndhurst, actor - Only Fools and Horses
Died Today ;-
1534 Elizabeth Barton [St Magd van Kent], nun, The Holy Maid of Kent, She was executed as a result of her prophecies against the marriage of King Henry VIII of England to Anne Boleyn, only women whose head was on a spike on London Bridge, hanged for treason
1912 Bram Stoker, Irish theater manager/writer (Dracula), dies at 64
1992 Benny Hill [Alfred Hawthorn Hill], British comedian (The Benny Hill Show), dies of a heart attack at 68
2012 Bert Weedon, guitar player, dies at 91
2016 Victoria Wood, British comedian and actress, dies of cancer at 62
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